Start-up Funding | |
Start-up Expenses to Fund | $13,400 |
Start-up Assets to Fund | $126,600 |
Total Funding Required | $140,000 |
Assets | |
Non-cash Assets from Start-up | $10,000 |
Cash Requirements from Start-up | $116,600 |
Additional Cash Raised | $0 |
Cash Balance on Starting Date | $116,600 |
Total Assets | $126,600 |
Liabilities and Capital | |
Liabilities | |
Current Borrowing | $0 |
Long-term Liabilities | $0 |
Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) | $0 |
Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) | $0 |
Total Liabilities | $0 |
Capital | |
Planned Investment | |
Jen and David | $40,000 |
Investor 2 | $100,000 |
Additional Investment Requirement | $0 |
Total Planned Investment | $140,000 |
Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) | ($13,400) |
Total Capital | $126,600 |
Total Capital and Liabilities | $126,600 |
Total Funding | $140,000 |
ToyLearn has developed three distinct functional and educational toys that are fun to play with, but at the same time are useful in teaching children needed skills. Although the toys are in prototype form at this point, they are functionally complete and are near their finished form.
This is the product line currently developed, however, it is expected to grow over time as new ideas are generated. While prototypes will be designed and manufactured in house, production will be outsourced.
The market for educational toys can be divided into two distinct segments:
ToyLearn has decided to sell direct to the consumer instead of using the traditional layered distribution system that uses wholesalers to sell to retailers. While this creates more work for ToyLearn in terms of generating sales, it provides better margins. Additionally, this process will be more costly for the first few years, however, once relationships are developed with individual consumers as well as the wholesale purchasers, the marketing cost per sale will dramatically decrease as the original customers become familiar with ToyLearn’s outstanding product line and continue to make purchases.
As mentioned in the previous section ToyLearn has segmented the market into two distinct customers, individuals and businesses.
Market Analysis | |||||||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 | |||
Potential Customers | Growth | CAGR | |||||
Individuals | 8% | 3,354,430 | 3,622,784 | 3,912,607 | 4,225,616 | 4,563,665 | 8.00% |
Wholesale | 10% | 102,335 | 112,569 | 123,826 | 136,209 | 149,830 | 10.00% |
Total | 8.06% | 3,456,765 | 3,735,353 | 4,036,433 | 4,361,825 | 4,713,495 | 8.06% |
ToyLearn will focus on individual consumers and wholesale customers for several good reasons:
The toy industry is characterized by many different toy manufacturers. Within the larger toy industry, there is a niche of educational toy manufacturers. This niche is fairly new (within the last five years) as the convergence of toys and educational tools becomes more legitimized. For years there was no awareness that a toy could have educational value, it was assumed that a toy was a mindless way of occupying a child’s time and attention, giving the parent a break. Only recently has there been studies published that clearly show the ability to design a toy that captivates a child’s attention while teaching them constructive skills.
The small niche educational toy industry is comprised of two market leaders and several smaller, primarily regional manufacturers. The two main competitors are:
In addition, ToyLearn competes with products produced by large game manufacturers.
ToyLearn will leverage its two competitive edges (educational and engineering expertise) to produce educational toys that are fun to use and at the same time successful at building important skills for youngsters. By recognizing and exploiting its core competencies, ToyLearn will quickly gain market share as well as develop a reputation for making effective teaching toys.
ToyLearn has two competitive edges which are based on their core competencies, education and engineering. Please refer to the Management summary for more detail, but basically ToyLearn will be leveraging what they do best to create a product that is in demand by the market.
The marketing strategy will emphasize the fact that ToyLearn’s products are truly educational devices that are fun. This is an important message because parents will want their children to play with this type of toy. The element of “toy” in the product is used to keep the children engaged in the product, something often difficult to do with most educational devices.
The marketing strategy will recognize and account for the fact that there are two distinct customer groups that must be attracted. To capture the awareness of both groups, ToyLearn recognizes that the groups are very different regardless that they are buying the same product.
ToyLearn will use advertisements and direct mailings. The advertisements will be placed in magazines or journals chosen specifically recognizing who the target audience is. Magazines will be used for the individuals market and a combination of magazines and journals will be used for the businesses segment.
The sales strategy will be tailored for each customer group. The sales strategy for individuals is to create enough awareness of ToyLearn so that customers are asking their retailers to carry ToyLearn for them. To address the business segment, it is ToyLearn’s goal that the businesses are not just buying one or two of the products but that they are buying all of them addressing different skills, all of which are important. This is especially important as businesses are generally repeat customers, meaning that if the customer is happy with the product, it is more than likely that they will become a long-term customer and not look for new vendors.
The first three months will not see any sales as the organization will be ramping up production and establishing sales channels. The first year is forecasted to have a fairly slow sales forecast because of the fact that ToyLearn is a start-up organization. Growth for year two and year three should be fairly steep. After year four it is forecasted that growth will continue, but at a more sustainable rate than during the second and third year.
Sales Forecast | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Sales | |||
Individuals | $66,580 | $196,554 | $254,332 |
Businesses | $57,925 | $171,002 | $221,269 |
Total Sales | $124,505 | $367,556 | $475,601 |
Direct Cost of Sales | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
Individuals | $26,632 | $78,622 | $101,733 |
Businesses | $23,170 | $68,401 | $88,508 |
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales | $49,802 | $147,022 | $190,240 |
Milestones | |||||
Milestone | Start Date | End Date | Budget | Manager | Department |
Business plan completion | 11/1/2002 | 1/30/2003 | $0 | Jen & David | Management |
First prototype complete | 11/1/2002 | 2/28/2003 | $0 | David | Engineering |
First standard production run | 1/1/2003 | 3/30/2003 | $0 | David | Engineering |
Monthly sales over $10K | 1/1/2003 | 6/30/2003 | $0 | Jen | Marketing |
Profitability | 1/1/2003 | 11/30/2003 | $0 | Jen & David | Management |
Totals | $0 |
ToyLearn will outsource the manufacture of all of its products. Jen and David opted for an outsourcing model for a number of reasons.
ToyLearn’s website will be used as the key marketing tool to distribute the products. It will be an inexpensive and effective method of distributing information regarding ToyLearn and its products. The site will have two areas, one for general information, a second for retailers/distributors. The second area will have more information beyond marketing information such as inventory, etc.
The website marketing strategy is simple and straightforward. Include the URL on all printed material as well as reference it in communications with customers. In order for as many people as possible to find it, ToyLearn will submit the site to a wide range of search engines so even if a perspective customer is not aware of ToyLearn but knows about the product category, they will still be directed to ToyLearn’s site.
The site will be developed by programmers found by leveraging personal contacts of David’s. It is expected that once the architecture of the site is developed it will take no longer than one month to build and test. The site will be monitored on an ongoing basis in terms of traffic, sales and usage patterns. The programmer will be kept on a retainer basis and the site will be appended as necessary.
ToyLearn has been founded and will be run by the husband and wife team of David and Jen Funster, each bringing specific and valuable skills to the venture.
At some point Jen began to chat with David and they had the epiphany that between the two of them they had the skills to develop learning toys. They welcomed the chance to work for themselves and began to work on their first product. Jen was able to provide incredible insight as to the design of a product that incorporated the fun aspect of a toy with the teaching capacity of a educational tool. David immeasurable contributions was the schematic development and one-off manufacture of the prototypes.
Personnel Plan | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Jen | $24,000 | $30,000 | $40,000 |
David | $24,000 | $30,000 | $40,000 |
Sales | $25,000 | $34,000 | $38,000 |
Customer Service | $25,000 | $34,000 | $38,000 |
Total People | 4 | 4 | 0 |
Total Payroll | $98,000 | $128,000 | $156,000 |
The following sections will outline important financial information.
The following table details important financial assumptions.
General Assumptions | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Current Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
Tax Rate | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% |
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The Break-even Analysis indicates that $30,290 will be needed in monthly revenue to reach the break-even point.
Break-even Analysis | |
Monthly Revenue Break-even | $18,596 |
Assumptions: | |
Average Percent Variable Cost | 40% |
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost | $11,158 |
The following table and charts will indicate Projected Profit and Loss.
Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Sales | $124,505 | $367,556 | $475,601 |
Direct Cost of Sales | $49,802 | $147,022 | $190,240 |
Other Costs of Goods | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total Cost of Sales | $49,802 | $147,022 | $190,240 |
Gross Margin | $74,703 | $220,534 | $285,361 |
Gross Margin % | 60.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% |
Expenses | |||
Payroll | $98,000 | $128,000 | $156,000 |
Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses | $4,200 | $4,200 | $4,200 |
Depreciation | $1,992 | $1,992 | $1,992 |
Rent | $7,200 | $7,200 | $7,200 |
Utilities | $3,600 | $3,600 | $3,600 |
Insurance | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 |
Payroll Taxes | $14,700 | $19,200 | $23,400 |
Other | $1,200 | $1,200 | $1,200 |
Total Operating Expenses | $133,892 | $168,392 | $200,592 |
Profit Before Interest and Taxes | ($59,189) | $52,142 | $84,769 |
EBITDA | ($57,197) | $54,134 | $86,761 |
Interest Expense | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Taxes Incurred | $0 | $15,642 | $25,431 |
Net Profit | ($59,189) | $36,499 | $59,338 |
Net Profit/Sales | -47.54% | 9.93% | 12.48% |
The following table and chart will indicate Projected Cash Flow.
Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Cash Received | |||
Cash from Operations | |||
Cash Sales | $31,126 | $91,889 | $118,900 |
Cash from Receivables | $66,011 | $222,242 | $332,951 |
Subtotal Cash from Operations | $97,137 | $314,131 | $451,852 |
Additional Cash Received | |||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Sales of Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Sales of Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Investment Received | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Cash Received | $97,137 | $314,131 | $451,852 |
Expenditures | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
Expenditures from Operations | |||
Cash Spending | $98,000 | $128,000 | $156,000 |
Bill Payments | $74,351 | $193,890 | $253,569 |
Subtotal Spent on Operations | $172,351 | $321,890 | $409,569 |
Additional Cash Spent | |||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Purchase Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Purchase Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Dividends | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Cash Spent | $172,351 | $321,890 | $409,569 |
Net Cash Flow | ($75,213) | ($7,759) | $42,283 |
Cash Balance | $41,387 | $33,628 | $75,911 |
The following table will indicate the Projected Balance Sheet.
Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Assets | |||
Current Assets | |||
Cash | $41,387 | $33,628 | $75,911 |
Accounts Receivable | $27,367 | $80,792 | $104,541 |
Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total Current Assets | $68,754 | $114,420 | $180,452 |
Long-term Assets | |||
Long-term Assets | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 |
Accumulated Depreciation | $1,992 | $3,984 | $5,976 |
Total Long-term Assets | $8,008 | $6,016 | $4,024 |
Total Assets | $76,762 | $120,436 | $184,476 |
Liabilities and Capital | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
Current Liabilities | |||
Accounts Payable | $9,351 | $16,526 | $21,228 |
Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Other Current Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Current Liabilities | $9,351 | $16,526 | $21,228 |
Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total Liabilities | $9,351 | $16,526 | $21,228 |
Paid-in Capital | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 |
Retained Earnings | ($13,400) | ($72,589) | ($36,090) |
Earnings | ($59,189) | $36,499 | $59,338 |
Total Capital | $67,411 | $103,910 | $163,248 |
Total Liabilities and Capital | $76,762 | $120,436 | $184,476 |
Net Worth | $67,411 | $103,910 | $163,248 |
The following chart offers Business Ratios for this company as well as the industry averages.
Ratio Analysis | ||||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Industry Profile | |
Sales Growth | 0.00% | 195.21% | 29.40% | 3.34% |
Percent of Total Assets | ||||
Accounts Receivable | 35.65% | 67.08% | 56.67% | 16.20% |
Other Current Assets | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 23.64% |
Total Current Assets | 89.57% | 95.00% | 97.82% | 79.15% |
Long-term Assets | 10.43% | 5.00% | 2.18% | 20.85% |
Total Assets | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Current Liabilities | 12.18% | 13.72% | 11.51% | 36.32% |
Long-term Liabilities | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 15.56% |
Total Liabilities | 12.18% | 13.72% | 11.51% | 51.88% |
Net Worth | 87.82% | 86.28% | 88.49% | 48.12% |
Percent of Sales | ||||
Sales | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Gross Margin | 60.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% | 34.87% |
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses | 107.54% | 50.07% | 47.52% | 22.04% |
Advertising Expenses | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1.89% |
Profit Before Interest and Taxes | -47.54% | 14.19% | 17.82% | 1.46% |
Main Ratios | ||||
Current | 7.35 | 6.92 | 8.50 | 1.95 |
Quick | 7.35 | 6.92 | 8.50 | 0.75 |
Total Debt to Total Assets | 12.18% | 13.72% | 11.51% | 59.08% |
Pre-tax Return on Net Worth | -87.80% | 50.18% | 51.93% | 3.36% |
Pre-tax Return on Assets | -77.11% | 43.29% | 45.95% | 8.20% |
Additional Ratios | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Net Profit Margin | -47.54% | 9.93% | 12.48% | n.a |
Return on Equity | -87.80% | 35.13% | 36.35% | n.a |
Activity Ratios | ||||
Accounts Receivable Turnover | 3.41 | 3.41 | 3.41 | n.a |
Collection Days | 56 | 72 | 95 | n.a |
Accounts Payable Turnover | 8.95 | 12.17 | 12.17 | n.a |
Payment Days | 27 | 23 | 27 | n.a |
Total Asset Turnover | 1.62 | 3.05 | 2.58 | n.a |
Debt Ratios | ||||
Debt to Net Worth | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.13 | n.a |
Current Liab. to Liab. | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | n.a |
Liquidity Ratios | ||||
Net Working Capital | $59,403 | $97,894 | $159,224 | n.a |
Interest Coverage | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |
Additional Ratios | ||||
Assets to Sales | 0.62 | 0.33 | 0.39 | n.a |
Current Debt/Total Assets | 12% | 14% | 12% | n.a |
Acid Test | 4.43 | 2.03 | 3.58 | n.a |
Sales/Net Worth | 1.85 | 3.54 | 2.91 | n.a |
Dividend Payout | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |
Sales Forecast | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Sales | |||||||||||||
Individuals | 0% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $3,432 | $4,454 | $5,645 | $6,754 | $7,656 | $8,776 | $9,987 | $10,887 | $8,989 |
Businesses | 0% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $2,986 | $3,875 | $4,911 | $5,876 | $6,661 | $7,635 | $8,689 | $9,472 | $7,820 |
Total Sales | $0 | $0 | $0 | $6,418 | $8,329 | $10,556 | $12,630 | $14,317 | $16,411 | $18,676 | $20,359 | $16,809 | |
Direct Cost of Sales | Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | |
Individuals | $0 | $0 | $0 | $1,373 | $1,782 | $2,258 | $2,702 | $3,062 | $3,510 | $3,995 | $4,355 | $3,596 | |
Businesses | $0 | $0 | $0 | $1,194 | $1,550 | $1,964 | $2,350 | $2,664 | $3,054 | $3,475 | $3,789 | $3,128 | |
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales | $0 | $0 | $0 | $2,567 | $3,332 | $4,222 | $5,052 | $5,727 | $6,564 | $7,470 | $8,143 | $6,724 |
Personnel Plan | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Jen | 0% | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 |
David | 0% | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 | $2,000 |
Sales | 0% | $0 | $0 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 |
Customer Service | 0% | $0 | $0 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 | $2,500 |
Total People | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | |
Total Payroll | $4,000 | $4,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 |
General Assumptions | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |
Current Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | |
Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | |
Tax Rate | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | |
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Sales | $0 | $0 | $0 | $6,418 | $8,329 | $10,556 | $12,630 | $14,317 | $16,411 | $18,676 | $20,359 | $16,809 | |
Direct Cost of Sales | $0 | $0 | $0 | $2,567 | $3,332 | $4,222 | $5,052 | $5,727 | $6,564 | $7,470 | $8,143 | $6,724 | |
Other Costs of Goods | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Total Cost of Sales | $0 | $0 | $0 | $2,567 | $3,332 | $4,222 | $5,052 | $5,727 | $6,564 | $7,470 | $8,143 | $6,724 | |
Gross Margin | $0 | $0 | $0 | $3,851 | $4,997 | $6,334 | $7,578 | $8,590 | $9,847 | $11,205 | $12,215 | $10,086 | |
Gross Margin % | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% | 60.00% | |
Expenses | |||||||||||||
Payroll | $4,000 | $4,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | |
Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses | $350 | $350 | $350 | $350 | $350 | $350 | $350 | $350 | $350 | $350 | $350 | $350 | |
Depreciation | $166 | $166 | $166 | $166 | $166 | $166 | $166 | $166 | $166 | $166 | $166 | $166 | |
Rent | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | |
Utilities | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | |
Insurance | $250 | $250 | $250 | $250 | $250 | $250 | $250 | $250 | $250 | $250 | $250 | $250 | |
Payroll Taxes | 15% | $600 | $600 | $1,350 | $1,350 | $1,350 | $1,350 | $1,350 | $1,350 | $1,350 | $1,350 | $1,350 | $1,350 |
Other | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | |
Total Operating Expenses | $6,366 | $6,366 | $12,116 | $12,116 | $12,116 | $12,116 | $12,116 | $12,116 | $12,116 | $12,116 | $12,116 | $12,116 | |
Profit Before Interest and Taxes | ($6,366) | ($6,366) | ($12,116) | ($8,265) | ($7,119) | ($5,782) | ($4,538) | ($3,526) | ($2,269) | ($911) | $99 | ($2,030) | |
EBITDA | ($6,200) | ($6,200) | ($11,950) | ($8,099) | ($6,953) | ($5,616) | ($4,372) | ($3,360) | ($2,103) | ($745) | $265 | ($1,864) | |
Interest Expense | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Taxes Incurred | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Net Profit | ($6,366) | ($6,366) | ($12,116) | ($8,265) | ($7,119) | ($5,782) | ($4,538) | ($3,526) | ($2,269) | ($911) | $99 | ($2,030) | |
Net Profit/Sales | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | -128.79% | -85.47% | -54.78% | -35.93% | -24.63% | -13.83% | -4.88% | 0.49% | -12.08% |
Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Cash Received | |||||||||||||
Cash from Operations | |||||||||||||
Cash Sales | $0 | $0 | $0 | $1,604 | $2,082 | $2,639 | $3,157 | $3,579 | $4,103 | $4,669 | $5,090 | $4,202 | |
Cash from Receivables | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $160 | $4,861 | $6,302 | $7,969 | $9,515 | $10,790 | $12,365 | $14,049 | |
Subtotal Cash from Operations | $0 | $0 | $0 | $1,604 | $2,243 | $7,500 | $9,460 | $11,548 | $13,617 | $15,459 | $17,455 | $18,251 | |
Additional Cash Received | |||||||||||||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | 0.00% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
New Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Sales of Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Sales of Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
New Investment Received | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Subtotal Cash Received | $0 | $0 | $0 | $1,604 | $2,243 | $7,500 | $9,460 | $11,548 | $13,617 | $15,459 | $17,455 | $18,251 | |
Expenditures | Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | |
Expenditures from Operations | |||||||||||||
Cash Spending | $4,000 | $4,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | $9,000 | |
Bill Payments | $73 | $2,200 | $2,225 | $3,036 | $5,543 | $6,311 | $7,200 | $8,024 | $8,705 | $9,545 | $10,443 | $11,046 | |
Subtotal Spent on Operations | $4,073 | $6,200 | $11,225 | $12,036 | $14,543 | $15,311 | $16,200 | $17,024 | $17,705 | $18,545 | $19,443 | $20,046 | |
Additional Cash Spent | |||||||||||||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Purchase Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Purchase Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Dividends | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Subtotal Cash Spent | $4,073 | $6,200 | $11,225 | $12,036 | $14,543 | $15,311 | $16,200 | $17,024 | $17,705 | $18,545 | $19,443 | $20,046 | |
Net Cash Flow | ($4,073) | ($6,200) | ($11,225) | ($10,431) | ($12,300) | ($7,811) | ($6,740) | ($5,476) | ($4,087) | ($3,086) | ($1,988) | ($1,795) | |
Cash Balance | $112,527 | $106,327 | $95,102 | $84,671 | $72,371 | $64,560 | $57,819 | $52,343 | $48,256 | $45,170 | $43,182 | $41,387 |
Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Assets | Starting Balances | ||||||||||||
Current Assets | |||||||||||||
Cash | $116,600 | $112,527 | $106,327 | $95,102 | $84,671 | $72,371 | $64,560 | $57,819 | $52,343 | $48,256 | $45,170 | $43,182 | $41,387 |
Accounts Receivable | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $4,813 | $10,900 | $13,956 | $17,126 | $19,894 | $22,688 | $25,905 | $28,809 | $27,367 |
Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total Current Assets | $116,600 | $112,527 | $106,327 | $95,102 | $89,484 | $83,270 | $78,515 | $74,945 | $72,237 | $70,944 | $71,075 | $71,991 | $68,754 |
Long-term Assets | |||||||||||||
Long-term Assets | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 |
Accumulated Depreciation | $0 | $166 | $332 | $498 | $664 | $830 | $996 | $1,162 | $1,328 | $1,494 | $1,660 | $1,826 | $1,992 |
Total Long-term Assets | $10,000 | $9,834 | $9,668 | $9,502 | $9,336 | $9,170 | $9,004 | $8,838 | $8,672 | $8,506 | $8,340 | $8,174 | $8,008 |
Total Assets | $126,600 | $122,361 | $115,995 | $104,604 | $98,820 | $92,440 | $87,519 | $83,783 | $80,909 | $79,450 | $79,415 | $80,165 | $76,762 |
Liabilities and Capital | Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | |
Current Liabilities | |||||||||||||
Accounts Payable | $0 | $2,127 | $2,127 | $2,852 | $5,333 | $6,072 | $6,933 | $7,735 | $8,387 | $9,197 | $10,073 | $10,724 | $9,351 |
Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Other Current Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Current Liabilities | $0 | $2,127 | $2,127 | $2,852 | $5,333 | $6,072 | $6,933 | $7,735 | $8,387 | $9,197 | $10,073 | $10,724 | $9,351 |
Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total Liabilities | $0 | $2,127 | $2,127 | $2,852 | $5,333 | $6,072 | $6,933 | $7,735 | $8,387 | $9,197 | $10,073 | $10,724 | $9,351 |
Paid-in Capital | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 | $140,000 |
Retained Earnings | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) | ($13,400) |
Earnings | $0 | ($6,366) | ($12,732) | ($24,848) | ($33,113) | ($40,232) | ($46,014) | ($50,552) | ($54,078) | ($56,348) | ($57,258) | ($57,159) | ($59,189) |
Total Capital | $126,600 | $120,234 | $113,868 | $101,752 | $93,487 | $86,368 | $80,586 | $76,048 | $72,522 | $70,252 | $69,342 | $69,441 | $67,411 |
Total Liabilities and Capital | $126,600 | $122,361 | $115,995 | $104,604 | $98,820 | $92,440 | $87,519 | $83,783 | $80,909 | $79,450 | $79,415 | $80,165 | $76,762 |
Net Worth | $126,600 | $120,234 | $113,868 | $101,752 | $93,487 | $86,368 | $80,586 | $76,048 | $72,522 | $70,252 | $69,342 | $69,441 | $67,411 |
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Here is a free business plan sample for a fruit and vegetable store.
Have you ever envisioned owning a bustling fruit and vegetable market that serves as a cornerstone of health in your community? Wondering where to start?
Look no further, as we're about to guide you through a comprehensive business plan tailored for a fruit and vegetable market.
Creating a solid business plan is crucial for any aspiring entrepreneur. It serves as a roadmap, outlining your vision, objectives, and the strategies you'll employ to turn your fresh produce venture into a thriving business.
To jumpstart your planning process with ease and precision, feel free to utilize our fruit and vegetable market business plan template. Our team of experts is also on standby to provide a free review and fine-tuning of your plan.
A good business plan for a fruit and vegetable market must cater to the unique aspects of this type of retail business.
Initially, it's crucial to provide a comprehensive overview of the market landscape. This includes up-to-date statistics and an exploration of emerging trends within the industry, similar to what we've incorporated in our fruit and vegetable market business plan template .
Your business plan should articulate your vision clearly. Define your target demographic (such as local residents, restaurants, or health-conscious consumers) and establish your market's distinctive features (like offering organic produce, exotic fruits, or locally-sourced vegetables).
Market analysis is the next critical component. This requires a thorough examination of local competitors, market dynamics, and consumer buying patterns.
For a fruit and vegetable market, it's imperative to detail the range of products you intend to sell. Describe your selection of fruits, vegetables, herbs, and any additional items you plan to offer, and discuss how these choices align with the preferences and needs of your customer base.
The operational plan is equally important. It should outline the location of your market, the layout of the retail space, your supply chain for fresh produce, and inventory management practices.
Given the nature of a fruit and vegetable market, it is vital to highlight the freshness and quality of your produce, your relationships with growers and suppliers, and adherence to health and safety standards.
Then, delve into your marketing and sales strategies. How do you plan to attract and keep customers coming back? Consider your approach to promotions, customer loyalty programs, and potential value-added services (like home delivery or a juice bar).
Incorporating digital strategies, such as an online ordering system or a robust social media presence, is also crucial in the modern marketplace.
The financial section is another cornerstone of your business plan. It should encompass the initial investment, projected sales, operating expenses, and the point at which you expect to break even.
With a fruit and vegetable market, managing waste and understanding the shelf life of products are critical, so precise planning and knowledge of your financials are essential. For assistance, consider using our financial forecast for a fruit and vegetable market .
Compared to other business plans, a fruit and vegetable market plan must pay closer attention to the perishability of inventory, the importance of a robust supply chain, and the potential for seasonal fluctuations.
A well-crafted business plan not only helps you to define your strategies and vision but also plays a pivotal role in attracting investors or securing loans.
Lenders and investors are keen on a solid market analysis, realistic financial projections, and a comprehensive understanding of the day-to-day operations of a fruit and vegetable market.
By presenting a thorough and substantiated plan, you showcase your dedication and readiness for the success of your venture.
To achieve these goals while saving time, you are welcome to fill out our fruit and vegetable market business plan template .
Here, we will provide a concise and illustrative example of a business plan for a specific project.
This example aims to provide an overview of the essential components of a business plan. It is important to note that this version is only a summary. As it stands, this business plan is not sufficiently developed to support a profitability strategy or convince a bank to provide financing.
To be effective, the business plan should be significantly more detailed, including up-to-date market data, more persuasive arguments, a thorough market study, a three-year action plan, as well as detailed financial tables such as a projected income statement, projected balance sheet, cash flow budget, and break-even analysis.
All these elements have been thoroughly included by our experts in the business plan template they have designed for a fruit and vegetable market .
Here, we will follow the same structure as in our business plan template.
Market data and figures.
The fruit and vegetable market is an essential and robust component of the global food industry.
Recent estimates value the global fruit and vegetable trade at over 1 trillion dollars, with expectations for continued growth as consumers seek healthier eating options. In the United States, the fruit and vegetable industry contributes significantly to the economy, with thousands of markets and stores providing a wide range of produce to meet consumer demand.
These statistics underscore the critical role that fruit and vegetable markets play in not only providing nutritious food options but also in supporting local agriculture and economies.
Current trends in the fruit and vegetable industry indicate a shift towards organic and locally sourced produce, as consumers become more health-conscious and environmentally aware.
There is an increasing demand for organic fruits and vegetables, driven by the perception of better quality and concerns about pesticides and other chemicals. The local food movement is also gaining momentum, with consumers showing a preference for produce that is grown locally to support community farmers and reduce carbon emissions associated with transportation.
Technological advancements are influencing the industry as well, with innovations in vertical farming and hydroponics allowing for more sustainable and space-efficient growing methods.
Online grocery shopping and delivery services are expanding, making it easier for consumers to access fresh produce directly from their homes.
Additionally, the push for transparency in food sourcing continues to grow, with consumers wanting to know more about where their food comes from and how it is grown.
These trends are shaping the future of the fruit and vegetable market, as businesses strive to meet the evolving preferences and values of modern consumers.
Several key factors contribute to the success of a fruit and vegetable market.
Quality and freshness of produce are paramount. Markets that offer a wide variety of fresh, high-quality fruits and vegetables are more likely to build and maintain a dedicated customer base.
Diversity in product offerings, including exotic or hard-to-find produce, can differentiate a market from its competitors.
Location is also vital, as markets that are easily accessible to consumers will naturally attract more foot traffic.
Customer service is another important aspect, with knowledgeable and friendly staff enhancing the shopping experience and encouraging repeat visits.
Effective cost management and the ability to adapt to changing consumer trends, such as the demand for organic and locally grown produce, are crucial for the long-term viability of a fruit and vegetable market.
Project presentation.
Our fruit and vegetable market project is designed to cater to the increasing consumer demand for fresh, organic, and locally-sourced produce. Situated in a community-focused neighborhood, our market will offer a diverse selection of fruits and vegetables, emphasizing seasonal and organic options. We will partner with local farmers and suppliers to ensure that our customers have access to the freshest produce available, supporting sustainable agricultural practices and reducing our carbon footprint.
We aim to provide not just produce, but a holistic healthy eating experience by offering a range of complementary products such as herbs, spices, and artisanal condiments. Our market will be a hub for health-conscious consumers and those interested in cooking with the finest ingredients.
Our fruit and vegetable market is set to become a cornerstone in the community, promoting healthier lifestyles and fostering connections between local producers and consumers.
The value proposition of our fruit and vegetable market lies in our commitment to providing the community with the highest quality fresh produce. We understand the importance of nutrition and the role that fruits and vegetables play in maintaining a healthy diet.
Our market will offer a unique shopping experience where customers can enjoy a wide variety of produce, learn about the benefits of incorporating more fruits and vegetables into their diets, and discover new and exotic varieties. We are dedicated to creating a welcoming environment where everyone can find something to enrich their meals and support their well-being.
By focusing on local and organic sourcing, we also contribute to the sustainability of our food systems and the prosperity of local farmers, aligning our business with the values of environmental stewardship and community support.
The project owner is an individual with a profound passion for healthy living and community engagement. With a background in agricultural studies and experience in the food retail industry, they are well-equipped to establish a market that prioritizes quality and freshness.
They bring a wealth of knowledge about the seasonality and sourcing of produce, and are committed to creating a marketplace that reflects the diversity and richness of nature's offerings. Their dedication to health, nutrition, and sustainability drives them to build a market that not only sells fruits and vegetables but also educates and inspires the community to embrace a healthier, more sustainable lifestyle.
Their vision is to create a space where the joy of fresh, wholesome food is accessible to all, and where the market serves as a vibrant gathering place for people to connect with their food and each other.
Market segments.
The market segments for this fruit and vegetable market are diverse and cater to a wide range of consumers.
Firstly, there are health-conscious individuals who prioritize fresh, organic produce in their diets for wellness and nutritional benefits.
Secondly, the market serves customers who are looking for locally-sourced and seasonal produce to support community farmers and reduce their carbon footprint.
Additionally, the market attracts individuals with specific dietary needs, such as vegans, vegetarians, and those with food sensitivities who require a variety of fresh produce options.
Culinary professionals, including chefs and caterers, represent another segment, seeking high-quality ingredients to enhance their dishes.
A SWOT analysis of the fruit and vegetable market project highlights several key factors.
Strengths include a strong focus on fresh, high-quality produce, relationships with local farmers, and a commitment to sustainability and eco-friendly practices.
Weaknesses might involve the perishable nature of inventory, the need for constant supply chain management, and potential seasonal fluctuations in product availability.
Opportunities exist in expanding the market's reach through online sales and delivery services, as well as in educating consumers about the benefits of eating fresh and local produce.
Threats could include competition from larger grocery chains with more buying power, adverse weather affecting crop yields, and potential economic downturns reducing consumer spending on premium produce.
Competitor analysis in the fruit and vegetable market sector indicates a varied landscape.
Direct competitors include other local markets, organic food stores, and large supermarkets with extensive produce sections.
These competitors vie for customers who value convenience, variety, and price.
Potential competitive advantages for our market include superior product freshness, strong community ties, exceptional customer service, and a focus on sustainable and ethical sourcing.
Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of these competitors is crucial for carving out a niche and ensuring customer loyalty.
Our fruit and vegetable market's dedication to offering the freshest and highest quality produce sets us apart from the competition.
We provide a wide array of fruits and vegetables, including rare and exotic items, to cater to the diverse tastes and needs of our customers.
Our commitment to sustainability, through supporting local farmers and minimizing waste, resonates with environmentally conscious consumers.
We also emphasize transparency and education about the source and benefits of our produce, fostering a trusting relationship with our clientele.
You can also read our articles about: - how to open a fruit and vegetable store: a complete guide - the customer segments of a fruit and vegetable store - the competition study for a fruit and vegetable store
Development plan.
Our three-year development plan for the fresh fruit and vegetable market is designed to promote healthy living within the community.
In the first year, our goal is to establish a strong local presence by sourcing a wide variety of high-quality, seasonal produce and building relationships with local farmers and suppliers.
The second year will focus on expanding our reach by setting up additional market locations and possibly introducing mobile market services to access a broader customer base.
In the third year, we plan to diversify our offerings by including organic and exotic fruits and vegetables, as well as implementing educational programs on nutrition and sustainable agriculture.
Throughout this period, we will be committed to sustainability, community engagement, and providing exceptional service to ensure we become a staple in our customers' healthy lifestyles.
The Business Model Canvas for our fruit and vegetable market targets health-conscious consumers and those looking for fresh, local produce.
Our value proposition is centered on offering the freshest, high-quality fruits and vegetables, with a focus on local and organic options, and providing exceptional customer service.
We will sell our products through our physical market locations and consider an online ordering system for customer convenience, utilizing our key resources such as our relationships with local farmers and our knowledgeable staff.
Key activities include sourcing and curating produce, maintaining quality control, and engaging with the community.
Our revenue streams will be generated from the sales of produce, while our costs will be associated with procurement, operations, and marketing efforts.
Access a complete and editable real Business Model Canvas in our business plan template .
Our marketing strategy is centered on community engagement and education.
We aim to highlight the health benefits of fresh produce and the environmental advantages of buying locally. Our approach includes community events, cooking demonstrations, and partnerships with local health and wellness organizations.
We will also leverage social media to showcase our daily offerings, share tips on healthy eating, and feature stories from our partner farmers.
Additionally, we plan to offer loyalty programs and seasonal promotions to encourage repeat business and attract new customers.
The risk policy for our fruit and vegetable market focuses on mitigating risks associated with perishable goods, supply chain management, and market fluctuations.
We will implement strict quality control measures and develop a robust inventory management system to minimize waste and ensure product freshness.
Building strong relationships with a diverse group of suppliers will help us manage supply risks and price volatility.
We will also maintain a conservative financial strategy to manage operational costs effectively and ensure business sustainability.
Insurance coverage will be in place to protect against unforeseen events that could impact our business operations.
We believe in the viability of a fruit and vegetable market that prioritizes freshness, quality, and community health.
With a growing trend towards healthy eating and local sourcing, our market is well-positioned to meet consumer demand.
We are committed to creating a shopping experience that supports local agriculture and provides educational value to our customers.
Adaptable to market trends and customer feedback, we are excited about the potential of our fruit and vegetable market to become a cornerstone of healthy living in our community.
You can also read our articles about: - the Business Model Canvas of a fruit and vegetable store - the marketing strategy for a fruit and vegetable store
Of course, the text presented below is far from sufficient to serve as a solid and credible financial analysis for a bank or potential investor. They expect specific numbers, financial statements, and charts demonstrating the profitability of your project.
All these elements are available in our business plan template for a fruit and vegetable market and our financial plan for a fruit and vegetable market .
Initial expenses for our fruit and vegetable market include costs for securing a retail space in a high-traffic area, purchasing refrigeration units and display equipment to maintain and showcase fresh produce, obtaining necessary permits and licenses, investing in a robust inventory management system, and launching marketing initiatives to attract customers to our location.
Our revenue assumptions are based on an in-depth analysis of the local market demand for fresh, high-quality fruits and vegetables, taking into account the increasing trend towards healthy eating and organic produce.
We expect sales to grow steadily as we establish our market's reputation for offering a wide variety of fresh and locally sourced produce.
The projected income statement outlines expected revenues from the sale of fruits and vegetables, cost of goods sold (including procurement, transportation, and storage), and operating expenses (rent, marketing, salaries, utilities, etc.).
This results in a forecasted net profit that is essential for assessing the long-term viability of our fruit and vegetable market.
The projected balance sheet will reflect assets such as refrigeration and display equipment, inventory of fresh produce, and liabilities including any loans and operational expenses.
It will provide a snapshot of the financial condition of our market at the end of each fiscal period.
Our projected cash flow statement will detail all cash inflows from sales and outflows for expenses, helping us to predict our financial needs and ensure we have sufficient funds to operate smoothly.
The projected financing plan will outline the sources of funding we intend to tap into to cover our initial setup costs and any additional financing needs.
The working capital requirement for our market will be carefully managed to maintain adequate liquidity for day-to-day operations, such as purchasing fresh stock, managing inventory, and covering staff wages.
The break-even analysis will determine the volume of sales we need to achieve to cover all our costs and begin generating a profit, marking the point at which our market becomes financially sustainable.
Key performance indicators we will monitor include the turnover rate of our inventory, the gross margin on produce sales, the current ratio to evaluate our ability to meet short-term obligations, and the return on investment to gauge the profitability of the capital invested in our market.
These metrics will be instrumental in assessing the financial performance and overall success of our fruit and vegetable market.
If you want to know more about the financial analysis of this type of activity, please read our article about the financial plan for a fruit and vegetable store .
Ukraine's surprise invasion of Kursk is continuing, with battles raging into a sixth day. Drones and missiles have been launched and Volodymyr Zelenskyy has acknowledged Ukraine's offensive in the Russian region for the first time.
Sunday 11 August 2024 23:12, UK
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That's all our live coverage for today but we'll be back tomorrow with all the latest updates.
Before we go, here's a reminder of what has happened today:
Volodymyr Zelenskyy acknowledged Ukraine's invasion of Russia's Kursk region for the first time, and suggested it was a "fair response" to a number of strikes launched by Russia.
The Ukrainian president said Russian forces had launched nearly 2,000 cross-border strikes at the city of Sumy from the region over the summer.
Fighting continued in Kursk for a sixth day, with Russia claiming to have targeted Ukrainian troops with aerial weapons.
US-based thinktank The Institute for the Study of War said Ukrainian forces have been largely holding their position in the town of Sudzha, while Kyiv's media outlets reported that forces have entered Kursk's neighbouring region of Belgorod.
Meanwhile, Russia has evacuated around 76,000 people from the border regions.
A man convicted in the killing of a Russian opposition politician has been discharged from jail after signing a contract to fight in Ukraine, state-run news agencies TASS and RIA Novosti have reported.
Tamerlan Eskerkhanov was among five men sent to prison over Boris Nemtsov's murder in 2017.
He was convicted as an accomplice and jailed for 14 years.
Mr Nemtsov, a critic of President Vladimir Putin and former deputy prime minister under president Boris Yeltsin, was shot dead in 2015 as he walked across a bridge near the Kremlin.
"Eskerkhanov signed a contract with the defence ministry in March 2024, was pardoned, and then released from his penal colony," TASS cited a source in law enforcement agencies as saying.
"He went to one of the assault units and is now carrying out combat missions in the special military operation zone."
He added that the other convicts jailed over Nemtsov's killing were still in jail because they had refused to sign contracts with the military.
More now on the fire at the occupied Zaporizhzhia power plant...
The UN nuclear watchdog has said strong, dark smoke has been emerging from the northern area of the site.
It said the smoke followed multiple explosions.
"Team was told by (the nuclear plant) of an alleged drone attack today on one of the cooling towers located at the site," the International Atomic Energy Agency said on X.
"No impact has been reported for nuclear safety."
Earlier, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said Russian forces had started a fire at the plant.
Russian authorities in charge of the plant said the fire had started near the facility's cooling towers, and rescuers were working to put it out.
By Deborah Haynes , security and defence editor
With his troops battling hard inside Russia, Ukraine's president has finally broken his silence on an invasion that has stunned his much larger and more powerful neighbour.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy described the operation, which began on Tuesday in Russia's southwestern Kursk region, as "our actions to push the war out into the aggressor's territory".
Giving a further indication of the goal of the surprise assault, he said: "Ukraine is proving that it really knows how to restore justice and guarantees exactly the kind of pressure that is needed - pressure on the aggressor."
Details about the number of Ukrainian soldiers inside Russia remain unclear as commanders have deliberately stayed silent about a mission that was planned in secret.
But it is likely to be in the thousands, with elements from at least three well-equipped brigades on the ground, deploying tanks, armoured vehicles, artillery guns and drones.
Also hard to measure is how far the Ukrainian attackers have pushed, with Russian military bloggers saying they have penetrated up to around 12 miles from the Ukrainian border.
Videos, widely circulated on social media, purport to show Ukrainian soldiers raising the yellow and blue flag of Ukraine over Russian territory, including in the town of Sudzha and a settlement close to the Ukrainian border in the next door region of Belgorod.
Under pressure, Russia has rushed in reinforcements and released footage of its military fighting back, but this is the sixth day of the Ukrainian offensive and battles are still raging.
Commenting on events, analysts have noted that it is the first time Russia has been invaded since Adolf Hitler in 1941.
But Ukraine's attack is not the act of an aggressive power making a land grab.
Instead it is the counterintuitive action of a nation that was invaded by Vladimir Putin's Russia a decade ago - with the capture of Crimea and parts of eastern Ukraine - and subsequently further devastated by Moscow's full-scale invasion in February 2022.
It makes Kyiv's counter invasion into Kursk just the latest - though arguably the most audacious - effort by Ukraine to repel Russian forces from inside its own sovereign territory.
Russian forces have started a fire at a nuclear power plant in southern Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy has said.
The Ukrainian president said flames could be seen on the premises of the Zaporizhzhia plant, which has been occupied by Russian forces for much of the war.
In a statement on X, he said radiation indicators were normal.
He also shared a video purporting to show the fire. Sky News has not independently verified the clip.
A local official in the Ukrainian city of Nikopol, which looks out onto the plant, said there was unofficial information that Russian forces had set fire to numerous tyres in the cooling towers.
He urged residents to remain calm.
Russian authorities in charge of the plant said the fire started near the facility's cooling towers, and rescuers were working to put it out.
Ukrainian troops have been seen riding armoured vehicles near the Russian border.
Photos taken by Reuters showed a number of troops operating in the city of Sumy - the area used to launched Ukraine's surprise invasion of Russia's Kursk region.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy has appeared to suggest this evening that the invasion was launched as a "fair" response to Russian strikes on Sumy over the summer.
Earlier today, the Ukrainian president issued his first comments on his forces' invasion of Russia's Kursk region.
There have been very few details released about the operation, with Ukrainian officials adopting a policy of secrecy over its goal and why it has taken place.
But in his nightly address, Volodymyr Zelenskyy appeared to suggest the move has been made in retaliation to strikes conducted by Russian forces from Kursk.
He said Russia deserved a "fair" response after it launched nearly 2,000 cross-border strikes at Ukraine's Sumy region over the summer.
"Artillery, mortars, drones. We also record missile strikes, and each such strike deserves a fair response," he said.
Reports have suggested that as many as 6,000 troops have crossed the border, and Ukrainian media outlets suggested today that Kyiv's forces have also entered Russia's Belgorod region.
Now six days into the invasion, US -based thinktank The Institute for the Study of War has said Ukrainian forces are largely holding their position in the Sudzha area of Kursk.
Russia has carried out an aerial weapons strike against Ukrainian forces in Kursk, the country's defence ministry has said.
In a post on Telegram, it said "clusters of manpower, armoured and motor vehicles" were targeted.
"The strike was carried out with unguided aerial missiles against reconnaissance targets," it said.
"After the use of the aerial weapons, the crews performed an anti-missile manoeuvre, released decoy flares and returned to the site of departure."
It claimed the targets had been destroyed.
Ukraine's invasion of Russia's Kursk region was a moment that caught Moscow and the world by surprise.
It was the largest incursion into Russian territory since the start of the war.
While Ukrainian officials have remained tight-lipped over the details of the operation, we have seen Russia evacuating other areas near the border.
Here's a timeline of what has happened in the invasion so far:
Ukrainian units launched the surprise operation in the Kursk border region on Tuesday 6 August.
By Wednesday 7 August , Ukrainian forces had advanced as much as 10km inside the Russian territory.
The US-based thinktank, the Institute for the Study of War, geolocated footage of Ukrainian forces in several locations and verified images showing Russian prisoners of war being taken at border checkpoints.
Ukrainian forces continued their advance on Thursday 8 August .
By Friday 9 August , a video emerged appearing to show Ukrainian soldiers in control of a local gas facility in the town of Sudzha.
Ukraine continued to expand their presence on Saturday 10 August .
Now six days into the invasion, this latest map shows that Ukrainian forces are largely holding their position, while the Russian military has evacuated 76,000 people from the area.
Ukrainian media outlets have also started reporting that Ukrainian forces appear to have entered Kursk's neighbouring region of Belgorod, with a video showing them in the Russian village of Poroz.
Sky News has not been able to independently verify this.
Meanwhile, the Russian government has imposed a "counter-terror" operation in the three border regions of Kursk, Belgorod and Bryansk.
This allows authorities to relocate residents, confiscate vehicles and control phone communications.
People evacuating from the border areas of Russia's Kursk region have been receiving aid from the Russian Red Cross.
Red Cross workers have been visiting temporary accommodation centres to help those who have fled, and a hotline has been set up to reunite relatives.
The Kursk office of the aid organisation said it received almost 3,000 calls in less than a day.
Around 76,000 residents have been evacuated so far, a Russian Emergencies Ministry spokesman said yesterday.
Ukraine's invasion of the Russian region began earlier this week and has been considered an embarrassment to Russian military leaders, who were forced to scramble to contain the breach.
The exact aims of the operation remain unclear, and Ukrainian military officials have adopted a policy of secrecy, with little detail of the invasion released.
Earlier today, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy acknowledged fighting in Kursk for the first time.
He said he had discussed the operation with top Ukrainian commander Oleksandr Syrskyi.
"Today, I received several reports from commander-in-chief Syrskyi regarding the front lines and our actions to push the war on to the aggressor's territory," he said.
"Ukraine is proving that it can indeed restore justice and ensure the necessary pressure on the aggressor."
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Writing a toy store business plan is a crucial step toward the success of your business. Here are the key steps to consider when writing a business plan: 1. Executive Summary. An executive summary is the first section planned to offer an overview of the entire business plan. However, it is written after the entire business plan is ready and ...
Business model of a toy store. A toy store's business model revolves around selling a variety of toys, games, and playthings for children of different ages to customers. Revenue is generated through product sales, potentially offering additional services such as toy rentals or hosting toy-related events.
A Sample Toy Store Business Plan Template. 1. Industry Overview. Players in the toy and hobby store industry sell a wide range of toy and hobby goods such as traditional dolls and toys, electronic toys (including video and electronic games), board games, hobby kits and craft supplies et al.
The toy store business offers a lot of opportunities for one who has creative ideas and can explore unique things for children, something which is evident by the fact that more than 21k toy store businesses are successfully running in the United States. These stats show that you won't be at loss provided that your toy business plan successfully.. 5.2 Marketing Segmentation
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A toy store business plan is a document that outlines the strategies you have developed to start and/or grow your toy store business. Among other things, it details information about your industry, customers and competitors to help ensure your company is positioned properly to succeed.
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There you have it: a comprehensive 10-step checklist to start your toy store business. Remember to take your time and execute each step diligently. Opening a toy store can be an exciting and rewarding experience, so embrace the journey, and let your creativity and passion shine through. 1. Determine The Business Model.
Step 5: Register Your Business. Registering your business is an absolutely crucial step — it's the prerequisite to paying taxes, raising capital, opening a bank account, and other guideposts on the road to getting a business up and running. Plus, registration is exciting because it makes the entire process official.
A toy store business plan is a strategic document that outlines the objectives, strategies, and financial forecasts of your toy store venture. It serves as a roadmap, guiding you through the ...
This is a practical manual in a PDF format, that will walk you step by step through all the essential phases of starting your Toy Store business. The book is packed with guides, worksheets and checklists. These strategies are absolutely crucial to your business' success yet are simple and easy to apply. Copy the following link to your browser ...
Toy Store Business Plan | Business Plan 2023 16/51. FAO Schwarz FAO Schwarz is an iconic luxury toy store with a history dating back to 1862. Known for its unique, high-end product offerings, the brand is synonymous with quality and exclusivity. Features Specialty and luxury toy lines
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ToyLearn is initially offering three different educational toys. The first is NumberToy, a fun toy that teaches children number skills. The second product is LetterToy which as the name hints, helps children quickly conquer the alphabet. The third product is PhonicToy, a device that resembles a mini PC and teaches phonic and math skills.
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The Central Children's Store on Lubyanka is a landmark building and shopping mall located in the historic center of Moscow, in Lubyanka Square.Commissioned in 1957, for several decades it has been the largest children's department store in the Soviet Union. Despite the nod towards its name and origin at present the shopping center is to a large extent dedicated to baby and children's goods and ...
A free example of business plan for a fruit and vegetable store. Here, we will provide a concise and illustrative example of a business plan for a specific project. This example aims to provide an overview of the essential components of a business plan. It is important to note that this version is only a summary. As it stands, this business ...
Soviet Union's Top Toy Store Back in Business. By Delphine d'Amora. March 31, 2015. The Soviet Union's biggest toy store reopened to a new generation of children on Tuesday with a burst of ...
Ukraine's surprise invasion of Kursk is continuing, with battles raging into a sixth day. Drones and missiles have been launched and Volodymyr Zelenskyy has acknowledged Ukraine's offensive in the ...