research articles in pharmacology

• Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Explore the latest in clinical pharmacy and pharmacology, including topics in drug safety, development, pharmacogenetics, and pharmacoeconomics.

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This cross-sectional study examines the association of availability of primary care practitioners and level of socioeconomic vulnerability with risk of pharmacy deserts in regions of the US.

This nonrandomized controlled trial aims to determine the activity of olaparib monotherapy among patients with high-risk biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.

This systematic review and meta-analysis updates data on the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events in clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors alone and in combination therapies and provides recommendations for management among patients treated for cancer.

This case report describes cutaneous collagenous vasculopathy associated with loncastuximab tesirine, an antibody-drug conjugate treatment.

• GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Suicidality—Caution Is Needed JAMA Network Open Opinion August 20, 2024 Global Health Adverse Drug Events Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology Diabetes Diabetes and Endocrinology Full Text | pdf link PDF open access

This case control study evaluates potential signals for suicidal and self-injurious adverse drug reactions associated with semaglutide and liraglutide.

This cohort study evaluates time to initiation of exogenous sex steroid hormones among adolescents and young adults with gender dysphoria receiving health care through the US military.

This randomized, adaptive phase 2 to 3 clinical trial assesses the efficacy and safety of HSK16149 capsules, an oral γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogue, to treat patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.

This cross-sectional study examines the association between prescribing clinician specialty and patients not picking up their initial PrEP prescription.

This special communication examines the benefits and risks of using large language models to support medical product postmarket surveillance.

• New Cardiovascular Risk Calculator Could Reduce Blood Pressure Medication Prescribing JAMA News August 16, 2024 Cardiology Full Text | pdf link PDF free

This secondary analysis of adult patients in the Penicillin Allergy Clinical Decision Rule (PALACE) Study investigates the risk of self-reported penicillin allergy despite removal of penicillin allergy label.

This cohort study evaluates the association of a US state copayment cap with out-of-pocket spending, medication adherence, and health care services utilization for diabetes-related complications among individuals with type 1 diabetes.

This Viewpoint describes new maximum contaminant levels set by the Environmental Protection Agency for specific perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and discusses the role clinicians can play in addressing their patients’ PFAS health concerns.

• Chelation Therapy Following Myocardial Infarction JAMA Opinion August 14, 2024 Acute Coronary Syndromes Cardiology Ischemic Heart Disease Full Text | pdf link PDF

This randomized clinical trial assesses whether edetate-disodium–based chelation infusions decreases cardiovascular disease events compared with placebo among patients with diabetes and prior myocardial infarction.

• Deprescribing Equity—A Research Framework for Older Adults JAMA Internal Medicine Opinion August 12, 2024 Geriatrics Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Ethics Full Text | pdf link PDF

This cohort study investigates the risks of mortality and adverse cardiovascular and kidney outcomes among individuals with type 2 diabetes taking tirzepatide vs glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists.

This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of the Eat, Sleep, Console care approach vs usual care on infant feeding and weight trajectories.

This cohort study compares the validity of patient-reported outcome measures with neurophysiological and sensory functional measures for the assessment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy among adults in Australia.

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Page 1 of 3

Erratum to: Adverse drug reactions to antiretroviral therapy (ARVs): incidence, type and risk factors in Nigeria

The original article was published in BMC Clinical Pharmacology 2012 12 :7

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Statin therapy in critical illness: an international survey of intensive care physicians’ opinions, attitudes and practice

Pleotropic effects of statins on inflammation are hypothesised to attenuate the severity of and possibly prevent the occurrence of the host inflammatory response to pathogen and infection-related acute organ f...

Data for drugs available through low-cost prescription drug programs are available through pharmacy benefit manager and claims data

Observational data are increasingly being used for pharmacoepidemiological, health services and clinical effectiveness research. Since pharmacies first introduced low-cost prescription programs (LCPP), researc...

Population prevalence of high dose paracetamol in dispensed paracetamol/opioid prescription combinations: an observational study

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is generally considered a safe medication, but is associated with hepatotoxicity at doses above doses of 4.0g/day, and even below this daily dose in certain populations.

Adherence to medication for the treatment of psychosis: rates and risk factors in an Ethiopian population

Medication-taking behavior, specifically non-adherence, is significantly associated with treatment outcome and is a major cause of relapse in the treatment of psychotic disorders. Non-adherence can be multifac...

Errors in medication history at hospital admission: prevalence and predicting factors

An accurate medication list at hospital admission is essential for the evaluation and further treatment of patients. The objective of this study was to describe the frequency, type and predictors of errors in ...

Effect of exenatide on the pharmacokinetics of a combination oral contraceptive in healthy women: an open-label, randomised, crossover trial

Consistent with its effect on gastric emptying, exenatide, an injectable treatment for type 2 diabetes, may slow the absorption rate of concomitantly administered oral drugs resulting in a decrease in maximum ...

Adverse drug reactions to antiretroviral therapy (ARVs): incidence, type and risk factors in Nigeria

Data on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to antiretroviral (ARV) use in public health practice are few indicating the need for ART safety surveillance in clinical care.

The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Clinical Pharmacology 2012 12 :14

A cost effectiveness analysis of the preferred antidotes for acute paracetamol poisoning patients in Sri Lanka

Acute paracetamol poisoning is a rapidly increasing problem in Sri Lanka. The antidotes are expensive and yet no health economic evaluation has been done on the therapy for acute paracetamol poisoning in the d...

Quality and safety of medication use in primary care: consensus validation of a new set of explicit medication assessment criteria and prioritisation of topics for improvement

Addressing the problem of preventable drug related morbidity (PDRM) in primary care is a challenge for health care systems internationally. The increasing implementation of clinical information systems in the ...

Pharmacokinetics of high-dose oral thiamine hydrochloride in healthy subjects

High dose oral thiamine may have a role in treating diabetes, heart failure, and hypermetabolic states. The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of oral thiamine hydrochloride at ...

Mechanisms for an effect of acetylcysteine on renal function after exposure to radio-graphic contrast material: study protocol

Contrast-induced nephropathy is a common complication of contrast administration in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetes. Its pathophysiology is not well understood; similarly the role of intraven...

Validation of an LC-MS/MS method to determine five immunosuppressants with deuterated internal standards including MPA

Therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressive drugs in organ-transplanted patients is crucial to prevent intoxication or transplant rejection due to inadequate dosage. The commonly used immunoassays have be...

Effects of paliperidone extended release on the symptoms and functioning of schizophrenia

We aimed to explore relations between symptomatic remission and functionality evaluation in schizophrenia patients treated with paliperidone extended-release (ER), as seen in a normal day-to-day practice, usin...

The association between drospirenone and hyperkalemia: a comparative-safety study

Drospirenone/ethinyl-estradiol is an oral contraceptive (OC) that possesses unique antimineralocorticoid activity. It is conjectured that drospirenone, taken alone or concomitantly with spironolactone, may be ...

Etomidate and mortality in cirrhotic patients with septic shock

Clinical effects and outcomes of a single dose etomidate prior to intubation in the intensive care setting is controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of a single dose effect of etom...

Use of antipsychotic and antidepressant within the Psychiatric Disease Centre, Regional Health Service of Ferrara

This study aimed at describing the type and dosage of psychopharmaceuticals dispensed to patients with psychiatric disorders and to assess the percentage of patients treated with antipsychotics and antidepress...

Price, familiarity, and availability determine the choice of drug - a population-based survey five years after generic substitution was introduced in Finland

Mandatory generic substitution (GS) was introduced in Finland at the beginning of April 2003. However, individual patients or physicians may forbid the substitution. GS was a significant change for Finnish med...

Public perception on the role of community pharmacists in self-medication and self-care in Hong Kong

The choices for self-medication in Hong Kong are much diversified, including western and Chinese medicines and food supplements. This study was to examine Hong Kong public knowledge, attitudes and behaviours r...

Knowledge, attitudes and practice survey about antimicrobial resistance and prescribing among physicians in a hospital setting in Lima, Peru

Misuse of antimicrobials (AMs) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are global concerns. The present study evaluated knowledge, attitudes and practices about AMR and AM prescribing among medical doctors in two l...

Immunogenicity of panitumumab in combination chemotherapy clinical trials

Panitumumab is a fully human antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor that is indicated for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) after disease progression on standard chemotherapy....

What can we learn from consumer reports on psychiatric adverse drug reactions with antidepressant medication? Experiences from reports to a consumer association

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) the cost of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the general population is high and under-reporting by health professionals is a well-recognized problem. Another wa...

Gastrointestinal adverse effects of varenicline at maintenance dose: a meta-analysis

Tobacco smoking remains the leading modifiable health hazard and varenicline is amongst the most popular pharmacological options for smoking cessation. The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the e...

Impact of information letters on the reporting rate of adverse drug reactions and the quality of the reports: a randomized controlled study

Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is an important method for pharmacovigilance, but under-reporting and poor quality of reports are major limitations. The aim of this study was to evaluate...

Cognitive functioning in opioid-dependent patients treated with buprenorphine, methadone, and other psychoactive medications: stability and correlates

In many but not in all neuropsychological studies buprenorphine-treated opioid-dependent patients have shown fewer cognitive deficits than patients treated with methadone. In order to examine if hypothesized c...

Association between statin therapy and outcomes in critically ill patients: a nested cohort study

The effect of statin therapy on mortality in critically ill patients is controversial, with some studies suggesting a benefit and others suggesting no benefit or even potential harm. The objective of this stud...

An evaluation of ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients undergoing continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration

The study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of intravenous ciprofloxacin and the adequacy of 400 mg every 12 hours in critically ill Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients on continuous veno-venous haemodi...

The effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in alcohol dependence treatment - a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study

The lipid fraction of cell membranes consists of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAS), and chronic alcohol use alters it, modifying its permeability, what might contribute for the dysfunctional metabolism obser...

Comparative in vitro study of the antimicrobial activities of different commercial antibiotic products of vancomycin

One of the most critical problems about antimicrobial therapy is the increasing resistance to antibiotics. Previous studies have shown that there is a direct relation between erroneous prescription, dosage, ro...

Comparison of renal effects of ibuprofen versus indomethacin during treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in contiguous historical cohorts

Ibuprofen treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has been shown to be as effective as indomethacin in small randomized controlled trials, with possibly fewer adverse effects. However, adverse renal effect...

No relevant cardiac, pharmacokinetic or safety interactions between roflumilast and inhaled formoterol in healthy subjects: an open-label, randomised, actively controlled study

Roflumilast is an oral, selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The addition of roflumilast to long-acting bronchodilators improv...

The future of pharmaceutical care in France: a survey of final-year pharmacy students' opinions

In the last decades, the provision of pharmaceutical care by community pharmacists has developed in OECD countries. These developments involved significant changes in professional practices and organization of...

Drug safety of rosiglitazone and pioglitazone in France: a study using the French PharmacoVigilance database

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), rosiglitazone (RGZ) and pioglitazone (PGZ) are widely used as hypoglycemic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of our study was to investigate the profile of adv...

Use, tolerability and compliance of spironolactone in the treatment of heart failure

Risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure (HF) is reduced by blockade of aldosterone receptors with spironolactone. However, benefits of spironolactone are potentially limited by tr...

Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of zibotentan (ZD4054) in subjects with hepatic or renal impairment: two open-label comparative studies

Zibotentan (ZD4054) is a specific endothelin A (ET A ) receptor antagonist being investigated for the treatment of prostate cancer. As zibotentan is eliminated by renal and metabolic routes, clearance may be reduce...

Constipation and diarrhoea - common adverse drug reactions? A cross sectional study in the general population

Constipation and diarrhoea are common complaints and often reported as adverse drug reactions. This study aimed at finding associations between drugs and constipation and diarrhoea in a general population.

Pharmacokinetics of phenoxodiol, a novel isoflavone, following intravenous administration to patients with advanced cancer

Phenoxodiol is a novel isoflavone currently being studied in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. This study reports the pharmacokinetics of phenoxodiol in patients with cancer.

Increasing polypharmacy - an individual-based study of the Swedish population 2005-2008

An increase in the use of drugs and polypharmacy have been displayed over time in spite of the fact that polypharmacy represents a well known risk factor as regards patients' health due to the adverse drug rea...

The impact of generic substitution on the activities of pharmaceutical companies - a survey from the companies' perspective one year and five years after the introduction of generic substitution in finland

Mandatory generic substitution (GS) was introduced in Finland on 1 April 2003. The aim of this study was to explore and compare the impacts of GS on the activities of pharmaceutical companies representing main...

Comparison of the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of two concentrations of a new liquid recombinant human growth hormone formulation versus the freeze-dried formulation

Somatropin is recombinant human growth hormone (GH) used for the treatment of growth failure in children and GH deficiency in adults. Two concentrations of a liquid formulation have been developed: 5.83 and 8....

Pharmacokinetic comparability of Prolastin ® -C to Prolastin ® in alpha 1 -antitrypsin deficiency: a randomized study

Alpha 1 -antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is characterized by low blood levels of alpha 1 -proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1 -PI) and may lead to emphysema. Alpha 1 -PI protects pulmonary tissue from damage caused by the action ...

Efficacy and safety of combined prolonged-release oxycodone and naloxone in the management of moderate/severe chronic non-malignant pain: results of a prospectively designed pooled analysis of two randomised, double-blind clinical trials

Two randomised 12-week, double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter studies comparing oxycodone PR/naloxone PR and oxycodone PR alone on symptoms of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction in patients with moderate/sev...

Knowledge and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adult people living with HIV/AIDS treated in the health care centers of the association "Espoir Vie Togo" in Togo, West Africa

The efficiency of antiretroviral therapy (ART) depends on a near perfect level of patients' adherence. The level of adherence of adults HIV-infected patients treated in the HIV/AIDS health care centres of the ...

The pharmacokinetic profile of a novel fixed-dose combination tablet of ibuprofen and paracetamol

Ibuprofen and paracetamol differ in their mode of action and related therapeutic effects, suggesting that combined administration may offer improved analgesia. Reported here are the results of two studies on t...

Traumeel S ® for pain relief following hallux valgus surgery: a randomized controlled trial

In spite of recent advances in post-operative pain relief, pain following orthopedic surgery remains an ongoing challenge for clinicians. We examined whether a well known and frequently prescribed homeopathic ...

Assessing Safety Culture in Pharmacies: The psychometric validation of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) in a national sample of community pharmacies in Sweden

Safety culture assessment is increasingly recognized as an important component in healthcare quality improvement, also in pharmacies. One of the most commonly used and rigorously validated tools to measure saf...

Sodium pentosan polysulfate resulted in cartilage improvement in knee osteoarthritis - An open clinical trial-

Pentosan polysulfate sodium (pentosan) is a semi-synthetic drug manufactured from beech-wood hemicellulose by sulfate esterification of the xylopyranose hydroxyl groups. From in vitro and animal model studies,...

Use of analgesics in intentional drug overdose presentations to hospital before and after the withdrawal of distalgesic from the Irish market

Distalgesic, the prescription-only analgesic compound of paracetamol (325 mg) and dextropropoxyphene (32.5 mg) known as co-proxamol in the UK, was withdrawn from the Irish market as of January 2006. This study...

EVITA: a tool for the early EValuation of pharmaceutical Innovations with regard to Therapeutic Advantage

New drugs are generally claimed to represent a therapeutic innovation. However, scientific evidence of a substantial clinical advantage is often lacking. This may be the result of using inadequate control grou...

Characteristics of primary health care units with focus on drug information from the pharmaceutical industry and adherence to prescribing objectives: a cross-sectional study

Adherence to prescribing guidelines varies between primary health care units. The aim of the present study was to investigate correlations between characteristics of primary health care units and adherence to ...

BMC Clinical Pharmacology

ISSN: 1472-6904

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• v.11(1); 2023 Feb

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives : A Decade of Progress

Michael f. jarvis.

1 Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois, USA

Emily Davies

2 Wiley Blackwell, Oxford UK

Jennifer H. Martin

3 The University of Newcastle Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton New South Wales, Australia

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives (PR&P) began publication in 2013 as a gold open‐access journal collaboration between the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET), the British Pharmacology Society (BPS), and Wiley. Since then, the journal has flourished in terms of increased numbers of papers submitted and published, impact factor, and downloaded content. While PR&P has always encouraged authors to directly submit their research to the journal, PR&P has also welcomed manuscript transfers. This enables authors to transfer submissions to PR&P that were originally intended for the established journals of ASPET, BPS, and other supporting biomedical and clinical research journals 1 but were determined not to be competitive enough by their respective editorial boards. This editorial approach has provided the PR&P readership and authors access to rigorous research advances covering both basic and clinical pharmacology in the context of further enabling research reliability and reproducibility, fostering the early clinical development of new chemical entities, and challenging existing pharmacological dogma. PR&P has consistently maintained an author‐focused approach to editorial content and the editorial board encourages submissions of original research, short reports, reviews, and topical perspectives that address key issues in pharmacology. Prospective authors are encouraged to carefully review the PR&P Author Guidelines when preparing manuscripts for submission, as they are routinely updated with the latest publishing practices and requirements. 2

In 2019, PR&P received its first Impact Factor (2.05), and this metric has steadily increased to 2.97 for 2022. Using 2019 as a benchmark, submissions to PR&P have increased between 200–300% in the succeeding two years. The number of papers published have also significantly increased (50–100%) over this time. Consequently, the acceptance rate for publication in PR&P has decreased to approximately 30% of submitted papers as the editorial board has continued its work to further build the scientific quality of the journal. Authors should be aware that the acceptance rate for transferred papers from supporting journals is typically higher. In all cases, transferred papers accepted by PR&P communicate rigorous science that is well within the scope of PR&P's strategic goals and authors have effectively resolved the original peer review feedback they have received. In response to the continued growth of the journal, PR&P has also recently established a group of Senior Editors representing the diversity of pharmacology interests across the globe to oversee peer‐review and ensure authors continue to receive timely and constructive critiques of their manuscripts.

Improving the author's experience is central to the PR&P strategy. Over the past few years the journal has implemented new workflows and processes to reduce the post‐acceptance time to publication to an average of 23 days for 2022. While the time to first decision is already very competitive, at an average of just four days for 2022, PR&P will continue to prioritize decreasing the time to final decision with the help of the newly established Senior Editors. The journal also aims to reduce time spent by authors on the initial submission process, by introducing a new author facing submission platform, Research Exchange 3 which has already been piloted and rolled out across over 400 Wiley journals. To further reduce author time spent resubmitting manuscripts, and to reduce reviewer demand, PR&P will continue to support transfer networks between journals, inclusive of expanding this network to offer referral options to papers deemed out of scope for PR&P .

Since its inception, PR&P has actively encouraged submission of papers that address all aspects of drug action including new hypotheses, mechanisms of action, target identification, target validation, lead optimization, and clinical development including translational medicine, quality use of medicines projects, drug repurposing studies, and pharmacovigilance. Another major focus has also been on the enhancement of research reliability through the publication of replication studies and negative results from well‐designed experimental research projects. Over the last several years, PR&P has provided readers with multiple dedicated issues that cover these and other cutting‐edge pharmacological research topics (Table  1 ). Of particular importance to the strategic goals of PR&P is highlighting research contributions from different geographical regions and providing a venue for early career researchers to submit original research and topical reviews that are based on their graduate and/or post‐doctoral experiences. PR&P has also partnered with other BPS journals to generate special virtual issues in the areas of sex as an independent variable and COVID‐19 research. More recently, PR&P has championed the publication of advances in pharmacology education including new instructional models, curricula, and best practices. Readers are encouraged to access the recently published BPS statement on Inclusive Pharmacology Education. 4

Selected Themed/Special Issues of Pharmacology Research & Perspectives .

Going forward, PR&P will continue to build upon the strategic initiatives noted above. Readers can expect new thematic issues highlighting pharmacology research from the African Continent, a special issue on Pharmacology Education and Innovation, and further efforts to advance research generated by early career scientists. To assist potential authors in considering new submissions to PR&P , please see the thematic tips outlined in Table  2 . Prospective authors are also encouraged to contact PR&P regarding special projects such as key scientific meeting summaries, risk/benefit profiles for new drug classes, or new technological advances that advance understanding of drug mechanisms.

PR&P Thematic Priorities for Potential Authors.

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Clinical pharmacology: Current innovations and future challenges

Affiliations.

• 1 INSERM U1042, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
• 2 CHU de Grenoble, Service de Pharmacologie - Pharmacosurveillance, CIC1406, Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance, Grenoble, France.
• 3 INSERM, PARCC, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
• 4 CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France.
• 5 Saint-Etienne, UMR1059, Université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France.
• 6 CHU de Saint-Etienne, Unité de recherche clinique, Innovation et pharmacologie, Saint-Etienne, France.
• 7 Theranexus, Lyon, France.
• 8 Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - Degenerative & vascular cognitive disorders, Université Lille, Lille, France.
• 9 Inserm, CHU Lille, Clinical Investigation Center - CIC 1403, Université Lille, Lille, France.
• 10 CIC1401, INSERM U1045, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
• 11 CHU de Bordeaux, CIC1401, Service de Pharmacologie Médicale, Bordeaux, France.
• PMID: 34954839
• DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12747

Clinical pharmacology is the study of drugs in humans, from first-in-human studies to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and benefit-risk ratio assessment in large populations. The objective of this review is to present the recent innovations that may revolutionize the development of drugs in the future. On behalf of the French Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, we provide recommendations to address those future challenges in clinical pharmacology. Whatever the future will be, robust preliminary data on drug mechanism of action and rigorous study design will remain crucial prior to the start of pharmacological studies in human. At the present time, RCTs remain the gold standard to evaluate the efficacy of human drugs, although alternative designs (pragmatic trials, platform trials, etc.) are emerging. Innovations in healthy volunteers' studies and the contribution of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and internet-based trials have the potential to improve drug development. In the field of precision medicine, new disease phenotypes and endotypes will probably help to identify new pharmacological targets, responders to therapies, and patients at risk for drug adverse events. In such a moving landscape, the development of translational research through academic and private partnership, transparent sharing of clinical trial data and enhanced interactions between drug experts, patients, and the general public are priority areas for action.

Keywords: connected devices; drugs; machine learning; precision medicine; translational research; trials.

© 2021 Société Française de Pharmacologie et de Thérapeutique.

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• Choice of control group and related issues in clinical trials E10. ICH harmonised tripartite guideline: International Conference on Harmonisation of technical requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use. 2000.

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Page 1 of 25

A comprehensive insight from molecular docking and dynamics with clinical investigation on the impact of direct oral anticoagulants on atheroprotective protein in atrial fibrillation

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have high potency against their therapeutic target and are widely used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Most DOACs are often claimed to have adverse effects due ...

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Adverse effects of metamizole on heart, lung, liver, kidney, and stomach in rats

Metamizole is banned in some countries because of its toxicity, although it is widely used in some European countries. In addition, there is limited information on its safety profile, and it is still debated w...

Curcumin suppresses copper accumulation in non-small cell lung cancer by binding ATOX1

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with intracellular copper accumulation. Antioxidant 1 (ATOX1) is a copper chaperone. This study aimed to analyze the anti-cancer effects of curcumin on the ATOX...

Nociceptive transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in sensory neurons are targets of the antifungal drug econazole

Econazole is a widely used imidazole derivative antifungal for treating skin infections. The molecular targets for its frequent adverse effects of skin irritation symptoms, such as pruritus, burning sensation,...

Differential impact of pegfilgrastim, a recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor, on the neutrophil count of male and female deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii)

An increasing body of research implicates inflammatory processes, including alterations in the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), in the pathophysiology of psychiatric illness. The deer mouse (Peromyscus manicula...

Passively administered fluoxetine reaches the juvenile brain of FSL rats and reduces antioxidant defences, without altering serotonin turnover

Fluoxetine is present in breast milk, yet it is unclear to what extent it, or its active metabolite, norfluoxetine, reaches the brain of the infant and what the effects of such exposure on neurobiological proc...

Novel microwave assisted carboxymethyl-graphene oxide and its hepatoprotective activity

This study reports a novel, eco-friendly; fast and cost-effective microwave method for synthesizing carboxymethylated graphene oxide (CMGO) from sugarcane residues. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTI...

Safety assessment of asenapine in the FAERS database: real adverse event analysis and discussion on neurological and psychiatric side effects

This study aims to comprehensively assess the safety of Asenapine by conducting an comprehensive statistical analysis of adverse event reports in the FAERS database, with a particular focus on potential advers...

Modeling and comparison of dissolution profiles for different brands of albendazole boluses

Addressing critical veterinary drugs, especially drugs with solubility problems like albendazole, and their implications for therapeutic efficacy, in-vitro dissolution studies can indeed provide valuable insig...

Comparative analysis of adverse events associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors based on FDA’s adverse event reporting system: a case control pharmacovigilance study

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors marked a milestone in the breast cancer treatment. Due to the potential impact of adverse effects on treatment decisions and patient outcomes, careful considerat...

Echis ocellatus venom-induced sperm functional deficits, pro-apoptotic and inflammatory activities in male reproductive organs in rats: antagonistic role of kaempferol

Echis ocellatus envenoming is potentially toxic initiating clinical damages on male reproductive system. Kaempferol is a therapeutic agent with neutralizing potentials on snake venom toxins. This study investigat...

A cross-sectional study on metoprolol concentrations in various biological samples and their inter-correlations

Concentrations of metoprolol in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) have not been investigated. Herein, we aim to determine the metoprolol levels in EBC, plasma, and urine samples.

(S)-3-(3,4-Dihydroxybenzyl) piperazine-2,5-dione (cyclo-Gly-L-DOPA or CG-Nio-CGLD) peptide loaded in Chitosan Glutamate-Coated Niosomes as anti-Colorectal cancer activity

Colorectal cancer (CRC), now the second most prevalent malignant tumor worldwide, is more prevalent in young adults. In recent decades, there has been progress in creating anti-colorectal cancer medications, i...

A systematic review and Bayesian analysis of the adverse effects of dienogest

Endometriosis and adenomyosis are two common diseases that impair women’s health, and dienogest is one of the pharmacologic treatments which is the first-line therapeutic option for patients with pelvic pain a...

DNA methylation, but not microRNA expression, is affected by in vitro THC exposure in bovine granulosa cells

A global increase in cannabis use has led to questions about its effects on fertility. The rise in consumption amongst women of reproductive age is a growing concern, as this group is vulnerable in terms of re...

Development and internal validation of a model for predicting cefoperazone/sulbactam-associated coagulation disorders in Chinese inpatients

The use of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CPZ/SAM) could commonly cause vitamin K-dependent coagulation disorders and even hemorrhage sometimes. However, there is a lack of prediction tools estimating the risk for th...

Effect of luteolin on oxidative stress and inflammation in the human osteoblast cell line hFOB1.19 in an inflammatory microenvironment

Periapical lesions are characterized by periapical inflammation and damage to periapical tissues and eventually lead to bone resorption and even tooth loss. H 2 O 2 is widely used in root canal therapy for patients ...

A systematic review of the drug-drug interaction between Statins and Quinolones

Statins are widely used in cardiovascular disease (CVD) as a common lipid-lowering drug, while quinolones are widely used for the treatment of infectious diseases. It is common to see CVD in combination with i...

Pharmacokinetics of piperaquine and its association with intermittent malaria preventive therapy outcomes during pregnancy

Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) recently showed superior effectiveness over sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp). We investigated day 7 piperaquine p...

Age- and gender-specific acute poisoning with drugs and medications affecting nervous system

We investigated acute poisonings resulting from medications affecting the nervous system and illicit substances at Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran.

Discovery of Loureirin analogues with colorectal cancer suppressive activity via regulating cell cycle and Fas death receptor

Chalcones and dihydrochalcones (DHCs) are important bioactive natural products (BNPs) isolated from traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, 13 chalcones were designed with the inspiration of Loureirin, a ...

Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic modelling of Saxagliptin and its active metabolite, 5-hydroxy Saxagliptin in rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

It is unclear whether the parent Saxagliptin (SAX) in vivo is the same as that in vitro, which is twice that of 5-hydroxy Saxagliptin (5-OH SAX). This study is to construct a Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic (P...

Analysis of the effect of CYP2C19 gene properties on the anti-platelet aggregation of clopidogrel after carotid artery stenting under network pharmacology

Antiplatelet therapy is an important factor influencing the postterm patency rate of carotid artery stenting (CAS). Clopidogrel is a platelet aggregation inhibitor mediated by the adenosine diphosphate recepto...

Rotenone activates the LKB1-AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway to induce autophagy and apoptosis in rat thoracic aortic endothelial cells

The specific mechanism by which rotenone impacts thoracic aortic autophagy and apoptosis is unknown. We aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of rotenone on autophagy and apoptosis in rat thoracic aortic...

Anti-pruritic effect of L-carnitine against chloroquine-induced pruritus mediated via nitric oxide pathway

Pruritus, or itching, is a distressing symptom associated with various dermatological and systemic diseases. L-carnitine (βeta hydroxy-γ-tri methyl amino-butyric acid), is a naturally occurring substance, it c...

Sustained release delivery of favipiravir through statistically optimized, chemically cross-linked, pH-sensitive, swellable hydrogel

In the current work, favipiravir (an antiviral drug) loaded pH-responsive polymeric hydrogels were developed by the free redical polymerization technique. Box-Behnken design method via Design Expert version 11...

Blocking group 2 innate lymphoid cell activation and macrophage M2 polarization: potential therapeutic mechanisms in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma by calycosin

Calycosin, a flavonoid compound extracted from Astragalus membranaceus , has shown anti-asthma benefits in house dust mite-induced asthma. Recent studies have suggested that innate-type cells, including group 2 in...

Treatment for Covid-19 with SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody BRII-196(Ambavirumab) plus BRII-198(Lomisivir): a retrospective cohort study

Monoclonal antibody therapy for Covid-19 springs up all over the world and get some efficiency. This research aims to explore the treating effect of BRII-196(Ambavirumab) plus BRII-198(Lomisivir) on Covid-19.

Determination of drug-related problems according to PAIR criteria in dialysis patients: a cross-sectional study in tertiary care hospital

Dialysis patients are at high risk for drug-related problems (DRPs), which have significant consequences for their morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. Improved clinical outcomes can be achieved by preve...

Effects of nicotine on microRNA-124 expression in bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis in rats

Nicotine, the main compound of smoking may exert its effects by changing the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). This study was conducted to further investigate the molecular mechanisms of miRNA-dependent effect...

Dapagliflozin promotes white adipose tissue browning though regulating angiogenesis in high fat induced obese mice

Browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) is become an appealing target for therapeutics in the treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases. Dapagliflozin is widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabete...

Immuno-oncological effects of standard anticancer agents and commonly used concomitant drugs: an in vitro assessment

It has become evident in the field of oncology that the outcome of medical treatment is influenced by the combined effect exerted on both cancer- and immune cells. Therefore, we evaluated potential immunologic...

Risk of CKD among patients with DM taking diuretics or SGLT2i: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term risk of CKD and renal function declines using a combination of diuretics and SGLT2i.

Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence evaluation of two oral formulations of cotrimoxazole tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers under fasting conditions

This bioequivalence study was conducted to evaluate two oral formulations of cotrimoxazole tablets in healthy Chinese subjects. All 26 subjects recruited to this study were randomly and evenly classified into ...

Iron overload induced submandibular glands toxicity in gamma irradiated rats with possible mitigation by hesperidin and rutin

Radiation triggers salivary gland damage and excess iron accumulates in tissues induces cell injury. Flavonoids are found in some fruits and are utilized as potent antioxidants and radioprotective agents. This...

Preparation and evaluation of transdermal permeation of Huperzine A ethosomes gel in vitro

This study aimed to design and evaluate the transdermal permeation of Huperzine A ethosomes gel in vitro. Huperzine A ethosomes were prepared using the injection method, and their physical and chemical propert...

Pharmacovigilance study of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors: a safety analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system

With the increased use of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in cancer patients, adverse events (AEs) have garnered considerable interest. We conducted this pharmacovigilance study to evaluate the AEs ...

The effect of oral supplementation of Paricalcitol on C-reactive protein levels in chronic kidney disease patients: GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled trials

Previous studies investigating the effect of oral supplementation of paricalcitol on reactive protein levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients reported inconsistent findings. In this systematic review a...

New tricks for old drugs- praziquantel ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive disease with complex pathogenesis, short median survival time, and high mortality. There are few effective drugs approved for pulmonary fibrosis treatment. This stud...

Safinamide, an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, modulates the magnitude, gating, and hysteresis of sodium ion current

Safinamide (SAF), an α-aminoamide derivative and a selective, reversible monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor, has both dopaminergic and nondopaminergic (glutamatergic) properties. Several studies have explored...

Large variation in anti-factor Xa levels with nadroparin as thromboprophylaxis in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 critically ill patients

Critically ill COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients receive thromboprophylaxis with the LMWH nadroparin. Whether a standard dosage is adequate in attaining the target anti-FXa levels (0.20–0.50 IU/ml) in these g...

Determination of the median lethal dose of zinc gluconate in mice and safety evaluation

Zinc Gluconate (ZG) is a safe and effective supplement for zinc. However, there is limited research on the optimal dosage for intravenous injection and the safety evaluation of animal models for ZG. This study...

Role of uranium toxicity and uranium-induced oxidative stress in advancing kidney injury and endothelial inflammation in rats

Uranium exposure may cause serious pathological injury to the body, which is attributed to oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the pathogenesis of uranium toxicity has not been clarified. Here, we eval...

Drug-drug interaction assessment based on a large-scale spontaneous reporting system for hepato- and renal-toxicity, and thrombocytopenia with concomitant low-dose methotrexate and analgesics use

Methotrexate (MTX) is the cornerstone of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment and is highly effective with low-dose intermittent administration. MTX is occasionally used in combination with non-steroidal anti-i...

Comparison of three different prophylactic treatments for postoperative nausea and vomiting after total joint arthroplasty under general anesthesia: a randomized clinical trial

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after total joint arthroplasty is common and associated with delayed recovery. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of three different prophylactic regimen...

Informal sale of antibiotics in Guatemalan convenience stores before and after implementation of federal antibiotic dispensing legislation

Convenience stores in Guatemala provide essential consumer goods in communities, but many dispense antibiotics illegally. Federal legislation, passed in August of 2019, requires prescriptions for antibiotic pu...

Lipidomics reveals serum lipid metabolism disorders in CTD-induced liver injury

Cantharidin (CTD), the main toxic component of Mylabris , has been extensively used for tumor treatment in recent years. CTD-induced liver toxicity has attracted significant interest in clinic.

Sustain-release lipid-liquid crystal formulations of pexiganan against Helicobacter pylori infection: in vitro evaluation in C57BL/6 mice

The Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori , H. pylori , is associated with significant digestive disorders. However, the effectiveness of bacterial eradication is declining due to drug resistance. A potent an...

Enoxaparin for VTE thromboprophylaxis during inpatient rehabilitation care: assessment of the standard fixed dosing regimen

We aimed to examine the efficiency of fixed daily dose enoxaparin (40 mg) thromboprophylaxis strategy for patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation.

Fenofibrate alleviates NAFLD by enhancing the PPARα/PGC-1α signaling pathway coupling mitochondrial function

To comprehend the influences of fenofibrate on hepatic lipid accumulation and mitochondrial function-related signaling pathways in mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) secondary to high-fat diet...

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