water pollution in haryana essay

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Industrial water pollution threatens residents in Haryana’s Kundli area

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• Haryana’s Kundli industrial zone, on the outskirts of Delhi, is a prime industrial zone. But, according to local people, unchecked disposal of contaminated water into the ground is posing a threat to their health.
• Local residents complain of skin diseases and stomach-related ailments due to regular consumption of contaminated groundwater. Many are now forced to purchase clean drinking water even as they continue using the polluted groundwater for other purposes such as washing clothes.
• The industrial zone requires a common effluent treatment plant of 10 MLD (Million Litres Per Day) capacity to treat the wastewater released by factories. But the existing capacity of the plant is only 4 MLD. Despite, repeated complaints to various local authorities the condition of the area remains poor.

The industrial zone in the Kundli area of Haryana’s Sonipat district has provided a livelihood to many over the last 40 years. From a sleepy village, Kundli turned into a prime-industrial zone. But this came at a price – the unchecked growth of industries resulted in air and water pollution, threatening the health of local people.

The locals allege that groundwater was contaminated by the industries as there was no check on them. As a result, they had to rely on private sources of clean water. Ironically, the need for clean water led to more industries being set up in the area to produce clean water. Locals note that these industries charge Rs. 300 rupees per month for the daily supply of 10 litres of water, cleaned through reverse osmosis. There are seven big and medium-scale water distillation plants that are active in the area and supply drinking water to the local people as the groundwater is contaminated and not fit for consumption.

During a visit to the area, Mongabay-India found that the village roads were overflowing with sewage and at many places, the foul smell from drains was unbearable as chemical-laced water was flowing unchecked.

Subhash Chand, 64, who runs a shop in front of one such drain in Kundli residential area, said that ever since factories were set up in their village, the groundwater quality has continuously deteriorated. “In 1980, Kundli village used to have clean and drinkable water but things worsened after industries were set up,” he told Mongabay-India.

Chand alleged that factories release water contaminated with chemicals directly into the ground without any fear of any action from the local administration. “It has been going on for years and now the groundwater is unsafe for anyone to drink. With this groundwater, we only wash clothes as we can’t afford distilled water for washing clothes,” he said.

Kundli, which is in close proximity to two major expressways, is an important industrial area for Haryana, a northern Indian state. It is on the outskirts of Delhi, which is India’s national capital. The local population of the area is about 30,000 but, in addition, it is also home to about 100,000 migrant workers. The Kundli industrial zone has several plastics, rubber and polyester factories of medium and large-scale. According to Kundli Industrial Association, there are about 1,500 factories currently operational in the Kundli area.

A study by Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal in Sonipat, notes that the quality of the water in the region has become poor due to the disposal of industrial wastewater into the ground, open land areas and water bodies. It notes that such poor quality of water causes severe waterborne diseases such as diarrhoea, cholera, etc.

Ranbir Dahiya, a retired senior professor from the Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (PGIMS), Rohtak, said that exposure to industrial water pollution can lead to gastric tract disease. “It can impact the reproductive system. It can also impact the growth of children. Because of severe pollution, skin diseases are quite common in these areas,” Dahiya told Mongabay-India.

Read more: Once the lifeline of villages, ponds in Haryana turn into garbage sites

Authorities failed to provide clean water

Under the Indian government’s piped-water mission, every citizen is supposed to get 55 litres of clean water per day but in Kundli, every household is forced to purchase clean water from private players.

Shanti Devi, a migrant labourer from Jhansi, who came two years ago and works in a local factory in Kundli, said. “The groundwater does not suit me … I have developed an allergy all over my body.”

She said that labourers like her have to shell out Rs. 300 per month for clean drinking water even though they cannot afford it. “But the groundwater is unfit for human consumption, so we have to buy it,” Shanti Devi added.

Abhimanyu Yadav, who has been working as a technician in a local factory for the last six years, complains of hair loss due to exposure to contaminated water. “I have rashes all over my body. The itching does not go away and I have lost hair also,” said Yadav, who hails from Uttar Pradesh.

While Manish Khatri, the head of Kundli village, rued that they have knocked on all doors ranging from the Haryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation (HSIIDC), the agency responsible for managing industrial areas in Haryana, to the local administration, but nothing has  helped so far.

He said complaints to local legislators have also not helped. “The overpopulation due to migrants has resulted in a broken drainage system. The sewage is lying on the roads and stinking. The factories are releasing untreated chemical water in the open which seeps into the ground and adversely affects the local population. It has been going on for decades under the nose of the government but no one has helped us,” Khatri told Mongabay-India.

“Those who could afford have shifted to other areas of Sonipat or to Delhi to avoid falling ill but others who could not, are suffering in silence,” he said.

Read more: Groundwater depletion in Haryana a cause of serious concern

Blame game over pollution

Subhash Gupta, who is the vice-president of the Kundli Industrial Association, emphasises that the factory owners are themselves worst affected due to the broken drainage systems and chemical-laced water. “Our wastewater does not go inside the earth as the CETP (Common Effluent Treatment Plant) treats the wastewater before releasing it in the open,” he said.

When asked about the contaminated groundwater, Gupta said that all the water from factories reaches the CETP and it is their responsibility to treat it. He told Mongabay-India that if the local people are complaining of chemical-laced groundwater it means the HSIIDC, which has the responsibility to run the CETP, is violating the norms.

Elaborating on the reasons for polluted groundwater, Gupta said that the existing capacity of CEPT is 4 MLD (Million Litres Per Day) while the effluent released by these factories requires a CEPT of 10 MLD capacity. “Even if the present CEPT is being run at full capacity, the rest of 6 MLD water gets released without being treated and pollutes the groundwater,” Gupta explained.

Arun Garg, senior manager at the HSIIDC, admitted that the present capacity of their effluent treatment plant is 4 MLD but informed that work is being done to add 6 MLD capacity. However, on groundwater pollution, Garg said that it was the responsibility of the Kundli Municipal Council to fix the drainage system.

When Mongabay-India contacted the Haryana State Pollution Board’s Member Secretary S. Narayanan about the alleged contamination of groundwater by industries in Kundli, he said they will verify the information before taking action.

Banner image: Effluents from factories can be seen flowing on village roads in the Kundli industrial area. Photo by Sat Singh/Mongabay.

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Band 6+: Water pollution has been an increasing problem over the last few decades. What causes water pollution? How can we prevent this problem?

Water is the most vital element for all living creatures on planet Earth , however it is getting contaminated on a very high scale.This is mainly due to industrial waste and oilspills.However, a range of measures can be implemented to curb this problem.

One of the major causes of water pollution is Industrial waste. Industries and industrial sites across the world are major contributors to water pollution. Quite a few industrial worksites generate eco-unfriendly materials through their manufacturing processes. These materials end up polluting the waterbodies and often get improperly disposed of. Such wastes from mines, industrial plants quickly reach rivers and streams which then gets poured into seas. To control this the government should impose strict rules and regulations. Government should pass laws to standardise procedures of waste management in factories and other parts of the industry. Moreover, they should set high penalties for organisations that do not adhere to the rules and regulations set by them.

The second major cause of water pollution is Oil spill and oil leakage. Large oil spills and leaks, although frequently unintentional, are significant contributors to water pollution. These incidents often occur during offshore oil drilling or while transporting oil by ship. Oil leaks can greatly contaminate the ocean and shorelines, posing serious threats to marine life. For instance, such spills can suffocate marine life and disrupt the structure and function of marine ecosystem. For this reason, there is a need to implement initiatives that will help reduce oil spills in the ocean , for instance, educating industry workers on the proper handling of barrels to prevent them from leaking, and also by using dual-walled equipment and tanks

In conclusion, Water contamination is one of the major crisis the world is facing.The disposal of industrial waste into waterbodies and oil spills in oceans are the two major causes of water pollution.Only when governments impose strict rules and regulations , and there is a reduction in oil spills , will this situation be curbed.

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• Water Pollution Essay

Water Pollution and How it Harms the Environment

Global pollution is a problem. Pollution can spread to remote areas where no one lives, despite the fact that urban areas are typically more polluted than the countryside. Air pollution, water pollution, and land pollution are the three main categories of pollution. Some contaminated water has a terrible smell, a muddy appearance, and floating trash. Some contaminated water appears clean, but it contains dangerous substances that you can't see or smell.

Together, developed and developing nations must fight to conserve the environment for present and future generations. Today, we dig deep into the subject of Water Pollution. This article can be an introduction to water pollution for kids as we will read many things such as the causes of water pollution further in the article.

What is Water Pollution?

Water contamination occurs when pollutants pollute water sources and make the water unfit for use in drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Chemicals, garbage, bacteria, and parasites are examples of pollutants. Water is eventually damaged by all types of pollution. Lakes and oceans become contaminated by air pollution. Land contamination may contaminate an underground stream, a river, and ultimately the ocean. As a result, trash thrown on an empty lot can eventually contaminate a water source.

(Image will be uploaded soon)

Water Pollution

The water cycle, called  the hydrological cycle, involves the following steps:

Evaporation- Because of the sun's heat, the water bodies such as oceans, lakes, seas etc., get heated up, and water evaporates in the air, forming water vapours.

Transpiration- Like evaporation, the plants and trees also lose water from them which goes to the atmosphere. This process is called transpiration.

Condensation- As the water evaporates, it starts to become cool because of the cold atmosphere in the air and because of this cooling down of water leads to the formation of clouds.

Precipitation- Because of the high movements of the wings, the clouds start to collide and then fall back to the earth’s surface in the form of rain. Sometimes they also fall back in the form of snow, hail, sleet etc., depending upon the temperature.

Runoff or Infiltration- After precipitation, the water either flows to the water bodies called runoff or is absorbed into the soil, called infiltration.

Causes of Water Pollution

There are many reasons for water pollution. Some of the reasons are directly affected by water pollution and some indirectly. Many factories and industries are dumping contaminated water, chemicals, and heavy metals into major waterways as a result of direct water pollution. 

One more reason for water pollution is the use of modern techniques in farms. Farmers apply nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium in the form of chemical fertilizers, manure, and sludge. It causes farms to discharge large quantities of agrochemicals, organic matter, and saline drainage into water bodies. It indirectly affects water pollution.

Pollutants can be of various types such as organic, inorganic, radioactive etc. Water pollutants are discharged either from one point from pipes, channels etc., which are called point sources or from various other sources. They can be agricultural areas, industries etc., called dispersed sources. 

Some of the major forms of water pollutants are as follows:

Sewage- Domestic sewage from homes contains various forms of pathogens that threaten the human body. Sewage treatment reduces the risk of pathogens, but this risk is not eliminated. 

Domestic sewage majorly contains nitrates and phosphates, and excess of these substances allows the algae to grow on the surface of water bodies. Due to this, the clean water bodies become nutrient-rich water body and then slowly, the oxygen level of water bodies reduces. This is called eutrophication or cultural eutrophication (if this step rapidly takes place by the activities of humans). This leads to the early death of water bodies.

Toxins- The industrial or factory wastes that are not disposed of properly and contain chemicals such as mercury and lead are disposed of in the water bodies making the bodies toxic, radioactive, explosive and cancerous.

Sediments- Sediments are the result of soil erosion that is formed in the water bodies. These sediments imbalances the water bodies ecologically. They also interfere in the reproductive cycle of various aquatic animals living in the water.

Thermal pollution- Water bodies get polluted because of heat, and excess heat reduces the oxygen level of the water bodies. Some of the species of fish cannot live in such water bodies with very low oxygen levels. The disposal of cold waters from the power plants leads to increased thermal pollution in the water bodies.

Petroleum oil pollution- The runoff of oil into the water bodies, either accidentally as happened in 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico, or intentionally, leads to an increase in water pollution.

As water is an important element of human health, polluted water directly affects the human body. Water pollution causes various diseases like typhoid, cholera, hepatitis, cancer, etc. Water pollution damages the plants and aquatic animals present in the river by reducing the oxygen content from the water. Polluted water washes the essential nutrients which plants need out of the soil and also leaves large amounts of aluminium in the soil, which can be harmful to plants. 

Wastewater and sewage are a by-product of daily life and thus produced by each household through various activities like using soap, toilets, and detergents. Such sewage contains chemicals and bacteria which are harmful to human life and environmental health. Water pollution also leads to an imbalance in our ecosystem. Lastly, it also affects the food chain as the toxins in the water bodies are consumed by aquatic animals like fish, crabs etc., and then humans consume those animals forming turmoil. 

Sometimes our tradition also becomes a cause for water pollution. Some people throw the statues of deities, flowers, pots, and ashes in rivers.

There are various standards to define water quality standards. Water meant for swimming may not be clean enough for drinking, or water meant for bathing may not be good for cooking. Therefore, there are different water standards for defined:

Stream standards- Standards that define streams, lakes, oceans or seas based on their maximum use.

Effluent standards- Define the specific standards for the level of contaminants or effluents allowed during the final discharge of those into the water bodies.

Drinking water standards- Define the level of contamination allowed in water that will be supplied for drinking or cooking in the domestic areas.

Different countries regulate their water quality standards through different acts and amendments.

While many of the solutions for water pollution need to be applied on a broader macro-level for that individual, companies, and communities can have a significant and responsible impact on the water quality. Companies, factories have to dispose of leftover chemicals and containers properly as per the product instructions. Farmers also have to reduce the use of nitrates and phosphates from fertilizers, pesticides, and contamination of groundwater. 

The Swachh Bharat Mission of the government had led to reduced groundwater contamination. Under the Namami Ganga program, the government has initiated several major projects to clean Ganga. Along with all these steps, conservation of water is the very basic and important step towards water conservation and should be followed globally, treatment of sewage before their disposal in the water bodies and using environment-friendly products that do not form toxins when dissolved in water. These are some small steps that have to be taken into consideration by every human being.

As we all know, “Water is life’s matter and matrix, mother and medium. There is no life without water.” We have to save water. We must keep the water clean. If everyone will follow their responsibility against water to protect it from getting polluted then it will be easy to get clean and healthy drinking water. Clean water is a must for us and our kids' present, future, and healthy environment. 

We cannot just live with contaminated waters filled with toxins and no oxygen. We cannot see our wildlife being destroyed and therefore, immediate steps have to be taken by groups of people to first clean the already contaminated water bodies and then keep a check on all the surrounding water bodies. Small steps by every individual can make a huge difference in controlling water pollution.

Water Pollution Prevention

Conserve Water 

Our first priority should be to conserve water. Water wasting could be a big problem for the entire world, but we are just now becoming aware of it.

Sewage Treatment 

Cleaning up waste materials before disposing of them in waterways reduces pollution on a large scale. By lowering its dangerous elements, this wastewater will be used in other sectors or in agriculture.

Usage of Eco-Friendly Materials

We will reduce the amount of pollution produced by choosing soluble products that do not alter to become pollutants.

Water contamination is the discharge of pollutants into the water body, where they dissolve, are suspended, are deposited on the bottom, and collect to the point where they hinder the aquatic ecosystem's ability to function. Water contamination is brought on by toxic compounds that easily dissolve and combine with it and come from factories, municipalities, and farms.

Healthy ecosystems depend on a complex network of organisms, including animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi, all of which interact with one another either directly or indirectly. In this article, we read about water pollution, its causes and prevention. With this, we have come to the end of our article, in case of any other doubts, feel free to ask in the comments.

FAQs on Water Pollution Essay

1. What are the effects of water pollution?

Water pollution has a great impact on human health. Water pollution kills. It's been recorded that in 2015 nearly 1.8 million people died because of water pollution. People with low income are exposed to contaminated water coming out from the industries. Presence of disease causing pathogens in drinking water are the major cause of illness which includes cholera, giardia, and typhoid. Water pollution not only affects human health but also our environment by causing algal bloom in a lake or marine environment. Water pollution also causes eutrophication which suffocates plants and animals and thus causes dead zones. Chemicals and heavy metals from industrial and municipal wastewater contaminate waterways and harm aquatic life.

2. What are the causes of Water pollution?

Water being a universal solvent is vulnerable to pollution as it dissolves more substances than any other liquid on earth. Therefore, water is easily polluted. Toxic substances from farms, towns, and factories readily dissolve into water and mix with it, resulting in water pollution. Agricultural pollution is one of the major causes of contamination in rivers and streams. The use of excessive fertilizers, pesticides, and animal waste from farms and livestock operations lets the rain wash the nutrients and pathogens—such as bacteria and viruses—into our waterways. The other major cause of water pollution is used water,  termed as wastewater which comes from our sinks, showers, toilets and from commercial, industrial, and agricultural activities. It's been reported that the world's 80% wastewater flows back into the environment without being treated or reused. Oil spills and radioactive waste also cause water pollution to a great extent.

3. How to prevent water pollution?

It is important to keep our water bodies clean so we can take the following preventive measures to prevent from water pollution:

Chemicals like bleach, paint, paint thinner, ammonia, and many chemicals are becoming a serious problem. Dumping toxic chemicals down the drain or flushing them down the toilet can cause water pollution. Thus, proper disposal is important. Also, household chemicals need to be recycled.

Avoid buying products that contain persistent and dangerous chemicals. Buying non-toxic cleaners and biodegradable cleaners and pesticides cut down on water pollution.

Prevent from pouring fats or greasy substances down the drain as it might clog the drain resulting in the dumping of waste into yards or basement which can contaminate the local water bodies.

4. What is the role of medical institutions in polluting the water?

Pharmaceutical pollution affects aquatic life and thus there is a need to take preventive measures. Consumers are responsible for winding up pharmaceutical and personal care products in lakes, rivers, and streams. There's a lot of unused and expired medication that can potentially get into the water if not disposed of properly.

5. What are the major kinds of pollution?

The three main types of pollution are air pollution, water pollution or soil pollution. Some artificial pollution is also there, such as noise pollution. Factors leading to such pollution include:

Air Pollution: Industrial emissions, fires, traffic and transportation, burning of chemical waste, etc.

Water Pollution: No proper sewage disposal, pesticides in farms leaking into water bodies, industrial waste dumped into water bodies, etc.

Soil Pollution:  Oil spills, acid rains, irresponsible disposal of trash, chemical waste, etc.

Noise Pollution: Honking of horns, construction activities, loud parties, etc.

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Haryana’s solution for river pollution: Biodiversity parks to come up for rejuvenation of Yamuna, Ghaggar

Acting on the National Green Tribunal (NGT)’s recent directions to all states and Union Territories (UTs) to identify polluted river stretches and rejuvenate them, the Haryana government has decided to have huge biodiversity parks along its two rivers – Ghaggar and Yamuna – besides taking other time-bound steps.

Ghaggar which enters Haryana’s Panchkula district from Parwanoo side of Himachal Pradesh, with comparatively less water, touches four districts —Panchkula, Ambala, Fatehabad and Sirsa — which hardly have any polluting industries - in the state before entering Rajasthan.

Unlike Ghaggar, Yamuna river, which enters Haryana’s Yamunanagar district from Uttarakhand side, however, criss-crosses Yamunanagar, Karnal, Panipat, Sonepat, Faridabad and Palwal districts – which have a number of polluting industries – in the state before entering Delhi.

The Haryana pollution control board’s (HPCBs) plans include increasing the capacity of waste water treatment plants (both domestic and industrial effluent), tapping of sewage in unapproved areas, prevention of dumping of solid waste in rivers and creation of biodiversity parks and recharging of riverine ecosystems through phyto/bio remediation.

BIO/PHYTO REMEDIATION

Bio-remediation is to introduce microorganisms to treat effluent of different types, while phyto remediation refers to the type of bio-remediation which uses different types of plants to remove, transfer or stabilise various pollutants through biological and metabolic processes. Being a natural process, these mechanisms require less supervision and ensure complete removal of pollutants from the system through their metabolic processes, though these are relatively slow processes and are not successful against all types of heavy metals, HPCB member secretary S Narayanan told HT.

Nonetheless, the state is proceeding with the said remediation measures and the departments of public health and engineering and urban local bodies and Haryana shehri vikas paridhikaran (HSVP) have been advised to take up bio-remediation in the drains for mitigating the effluent pollution.

BIO DIVERSITY PARKS

Narayanan says that biodiversity parks would serve multiple purposes besides cleaning up the banks and rejuvenating the rivers. He says that the HPCB has already made a proposal to chief secretary to convene a meeting of all the departments concerned.

“The state would soon identify suitable sites of dumping along the river banks and specific points from where polluting slush or sewer enter the two rivers, plant multiple species and establish biodiversity parks,’’he says and adds that this would also permanently sort out the menacing dumping of municipal solid waste, bio-medical waste and construction and demolition waste along the river beds.

MONITORING AGENCY

The NGT has also appointed an executing committee under the chairmanship of former Punjab and Haryana High Court judge justice Pritam Pal (retd), and former chief secretary of Haryana, Urvashi Gulati for monitoring of implementation of Ghaggar action plan. Likewise, for Yamuna river, the monitoring committee has Shailaja Chandra, former chief secretary, Delhi, and B S Sajwan, former member, NGT, as members.

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Haryana launches Integrated Water Resources Action Plan

Haryana recently took a step towards ensuring that future generations have access to clean and safe water as it launched the biennial Integrated Water Resources Action Plan (2023-25). A two-day 'water conclave' was held in Panchkula, whose main objective was to discuss an Integrated Water Resources Management Strategy and approach in view of the depleting groundwater levels. 

The total water availability of the state is 20,93,598 crore litres whereas the total water demand is 34,96,276 crore litres. The maximum amount of water is used in the agriculture and horticulture sectors. Continuous efforts are needed to reduce water consumption by adopting water conservation methods.

"All water related Departments have come forward and taken the responsibility to conserve water through various demand and supply side interventions, which would save around 6.97 lakh crore litres of water in next two years," as per an official statement.

The Agriculture Department has included various measures in the action plan. According to this, 3.14 lakh acres of the area will be covered under crop diversification, which will save 1.05 lakh crore litres of water. Direct seeding of paddy will be done in 4.75 lakh acres and will save 1.18 lakh crore litres. 27.53 lakh acres will be brought under conservation tillage to save 0.51 lakh crore litres. (The Outlook)

NGT asks Tamil Nadu Coastal Zone Management Authority to redo Ennore Coastal Zone Management Plan

The southern bench of National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed Tamil Nadu Coastal Zone Management Authority (TNCZMA) to redo the ‘faulty and incomplete’ draft Ennore Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP) map for omitting large tracts of salt pans and water bodies amounting to around 2,000 acres of CRZ area risking further degradation of critical coastal wetlands.

The green bench comprising judicial member Justice Pushpa Sathyanarayana and expert member K Satyagopal said, “TNCZMA has not adverted to the direction issued by this tribunal on February 22, 2021, besides stating that preparation of the latest CZMPs based on 2011 and 2019 CRZ notifications would be more scientific and technical. TNCZMA should have followed the direction, rather than coming up with some excuses that too only after the applicant filed an application alleging non-compliance. We deplore the attitude of the authorities.”

In February 22, 2021, the NGT specifically instructed TNCZMA to take into account the 1996 approved plan as far as the Tiruvallur district is concerned when preparing the plan under the CRZ notification 2019. However, TNSCZMA and National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, who produced the maps, disobeyed the tribunal's order, incurring its wrath. (New Indian Express)

Rajasthan forest policy to focus on steps to boost ecological health 

The Rajasthan Forest Policy will focus on forest protection through constant vigil in the forest area to ensure the growth and ecological health of forest areas in the state. The policy states that the authorities will ensure regular engagement with stakeholders and augmentation of protection capability proportional to the gravity of the threat, whether biotic or abiotic pressure. The forest policy also focuses on grassland management as the livestock population of the state is immensely dependent on grasslands for their fodder and forage requirements.

Species like the Great Indian Bustard (GIB), florican, black buck, chinkara, etc, are dependent on grasslands for their survival,” states the policy. The latest policy also has a provision for working on desertification and land degradation in the state, the main causes for which have been identified as wind erosion, water erosion, water logging.

“Sand dune stabilisation of actively shifting sand dune shall be promoted, wind-breaks and shelter-belt plantation shall be promoted on public as well ad private lands to arrest desertification,” are some of the measures mentioned in the policy. (The Times of India)

Himachal Pradesh to frame policy to find alternatives to plastic

Himachal Pradesh will develop a policy within a year aimed at discovering alternative options to plastic. The state plans to create this policy and encourage industries to explore substitutes for plastic. The Chief Minister emphasized the importance of utilizing plastic waste in road building and suggested incorporating culture and environment-focused subjects into the educational curriculum to foster environmental consciousness among children, according to an official statement.

The Government is actively seeking alternatives to boost and preserve the environment said the Chief Minister, and urged people to cooperate with the government’s efforts in environmental protection and reducing pollution. (The Print)

Puducherry unveils the pioneering green budget report 

On the 50th World Environment Day, the Union Territory of Puducherry released the green budget report, making Puducherry the first Union Territory to adopt the policy innovation of green budgeting. Earlier this year, the UT in its budget session announced green budgeting, gender budgeting, and child budgeting as a triad of nudges towards a more inclusive and sustainable Puducherry. 

Green budgeting is a policy innovation that serves as a planning and assessment tool that can contribute to institutionalizing and integrating environmental sustainability in various government initiatives and promote a system-wide approach.

Through ex-ante planning and ex-post reflection, departments need to reorient their goals, schemes, and policies to become more environmentally and climate sensitive. By doing so, departments could also assess how much a particular department contributes to climate change.

The green budget of the Union Territory increased by 153% from INR 191 crores in the baseline year of FY 2022-23 to INR 483 crores in FY 2023-24. The percentage of the green budget in the identified schemes increased from 7.78% to 16.42%. As a share of total expenditure (revised estimates for FY 2022-23 and budget estimates for FY 2023-24), the green budget component increased from 1.66% to 4.17%. (TERI)

NGT directs UP Pollution Control Board to look into the operation of brick kilns in Deoria

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) directed the  UP Pollution Control Board  and District Magistrate, Deoria to look into the matter of  operation of 375 brick kilns in District Deoria and take such remedial action as may be found necessary in accordance with law and file an action taken report with the Registrar General of this Tribunal within one month.

The said brick kilns are emitting black smoke and are located close to sensitive establishments. No action is taken against pollution caused by the said brick kilns due to influence of higher level officers. The applicant has filed a list of all the brick kilns in question. It is stated that in many cases there are no consents from the State PCB.

On the issue against failure to scientifically manage the solid waste, it was stated that there is water pollution and encroachment in Deoria Nagar Palika Parishad. Garbage is being dumped into the drain. The drain is being encroached from Kotwali crossing to Jalkal Road and Sabji Mandi. Certain other locations are also mentioned. The NGT is of view that the issue can be first looked into by Nagar Palika Parishad, Deoria and action taken in accordance with law. An action taken report be filed with the Registrar General of this Tribunal within one month.

As per Rule 14 of the National Green Tribunal (Practices and Procedures) Rules, 2011, the application has to be based on a single cause of action and an omnibus application against a large number of entities cannot be entertained, without impleading the said affected entities as parties. The bench of Justice Adarsh Kumar Goel (Chairperson), Justice Sudhir Agarwal and Dr.A. Senthil Vel disposed of the six applications. (India Legal Live)

Lokayukta files suo motu case over water crisis in Whitefield

The Karnataka Lokayukta registered a suo motu case on June 3 following a news report in connection to problems faced by residents of Ramagondanahalli near Whitefield. Residents of Ramagondanahalli, Siddapura, and Thubarahalli villages do not have Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board (BWSSB) connection, due to which they are dependent on water tankers. 

In the last five months, many villagers have spent nearly ₹50,000, and a large chunk of their earnings goes into arranging water for day-to-day needs. While earlier, their average spending was ₹500 to ₹600 per month, the situation changed after a water supply agent started to transport water to urban areas from these villages from borewells dug rampantly.

The Deputy Lokayukta, Justice K.N. Phaneendra, issuing the order, directed his office to file a suo motu case and said, “An entitlement to receive safe drinking water (potable water) is part of the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution of India. The right to access clean drinking water is a fundamental right, and it is a duty on the part of the State under Article 21 to provide clean water to citizens.” Deputy Lokayukta, taking cognisance of media reports, directed his office to act suo motu acting under section 7(1) R/w 9(3)(a) of the Karnataka Lokayukta Act 1984.

The Lokayukta, making two revenue officials of the BBMP respondents in the case, directed them to immediately restore regular water supply to Ramagondanahalli. (The Hindu)

Odisha constitutes committee to recognise and release traditional millet varieties 

The Odisha government has constituted a ‘Landrace Varietal Release Committee (LVRC)’ for the release of traditional millet varieties as certified seed, the first State to develop a protocol for the release of millets landraces.

The LVRC is mandated to advise the State government on all matters relating to mainstreaming of the landraces on millets, besides reviewing the implementation of government-approved standard operating procedure on landrace millets.

The committee will be responsible for assessing and releasing landraces of millet crops for the State considering the different traits of traditional varieties and community or farmer preferences.

Farmers especially tribals in interior pockets of Odisha grow about 62 varieties of millets. However, farmers in Odisha largely grow finger millets. The State government is currently studying their characters, yield patterns and custodians (farmers).

Realising the importance of highly nutritious and climate-resilient millets in tribal society, the State government launched Millet Mission in 2017 and subsequently in 2022, the programme was expanded to 177 blocks in 30 districts with an additional investment of over ₹2800 crore. The objective behind the mission was to promote millet, incentivise its production and providing market linkage to millet crops. (The Hindu)

This is a roundup of important policy matters from June 1 - June 15, 2023. 

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International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) Call for Papers | Fully Refereed | Open Access | Double Blind Peer Reviewed

ISSN: 2319-7064

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Research Paper | Geography | India | Volume 13 Issue 8, August 2024 | Popularity: 6.1 / 10

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Critical Analysis of Water Pollution: Its Consequences and Management in Jind District (Haryana)

Neeru --> Neeru

Abstract: Water pollution means the mixing of harmful substances into water. When natural and man - made pollutants mix with surface and underground water of various water sources (river, lake, stream, ocean, aquifer, or other water body), the water becomes polluted and becomes unhealthy for drinking. The main aim of this research work is to analyze water pollution, its effects, and management in Jind district of Haryana. This study is based on primary and secondary statistics. Human activities are the main reasons for water pollution. Polluted water poisons the natural and human environment. The majority of the population of Haryana state lives in rural areas. Water pollution is promoted due to an excess of primary economic activities (agriculture, animal husbandry, mining, etc.). According to the perception of the people in the research area, the main causes of water pollution are increasing population, toilet pits, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, domestic and animal waste, underground storage leakage, and other human activities. Various environmental and human problems are occurring in the district as a result of polluted water. Considering the severity of these growing problems, it is necessary to manage polluted water. Contaminated water can be controlled by creating awareness among rural people regarding water pollution and adopting water purification methods. This research work presents detailed information related to water pollution scenarios, effects, and management in the context of Jind district. It is hoped that this research work will prove to be helpful in providing analytical information to policy makers and future researchers regarding water pollution in the study area (Jind).

Keywords: Water Pollution, Environment, Human Health, Impact, Water Quality, Surface and Ground Water, Management and Conservation

Edition: Volume 13 Issue 8, August 2024

Pages: 901 - 906

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Text copied to Clipboard! Neeru, " Critical Analysis of Water Pollution: Its Consequences and Management in Jind District (Haryana) ", International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Volume 13 Issue 8, August 2024, pp. 901-906, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR24812145922