case study gordon functional health pattern

Functional Health Patterns Model – A Case Study

Case Studies Journal ISSN (2305-509X) Volume 5, Issue 7, July-2016

9 Pages Posted: 10 Jul 2019

Turkan Karaca

Adıyaman University

Date Written: 2016

Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns is a method develops By Marjorie Gordon in 1987 proposed functional health patterns as a guide for establishing a comprehensive nursing data base. By using these categories it’s possible to create a systematic and standardized approach to data collection, and enable the nurse to determine the following aspects of health and human function: Health Perception Health Management Pattern, Nutritional Metabolic Pattern, Elimination Pattern, Activity Exercise Pattern, Sleep Rest Pattern, Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern, Self-Perception-Self-Concept Pattern, Role-Relationship Pattern, Sexuality-Reproductive, Coping-Stress Tolerance Pattern,Value-Belief Pattern.

Keywords: Functional Health Patterns, Gordon, Nursing

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Turkan Karaca (Contact Author)

Adıyaman university ( email ).

Adıyaman Turkey

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Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns: A Nursing Guide

In 1987, Marjory Gordon developed the 11 set of Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns to be used in the Nursing Process by nurses to ensure that a more comprehensive nursing assessment is done of the patients.

In each pattern, nurses ask questions to obtain more details that perhaps the patient may not have provided during the initial assessment and/or issues that may have developed during the course of nursing care.

The health patterns include;

Table of Contents

1. Health Perception-Health Management Pattern

This pattern describes how a patient views and understands their health and how they take measures to manage their health. It takes note of healthy and unhealthy practices.

By asking questions related to this pattern, the nurse can identify factors that promote patients’ health such as health-seeking behaviors, and those that are detrimental to their health such as smoking, drinking, and substance abuse.

2. Nutrition and Metabolic Pattern

This pattern describes the food and fluid intake relative to metabolic needs. Nurses can use this pattern to understand the patients’ nutrient supply, fluid balance, the tissue integrity, and immunity.

3. Elimination Health Pattern

Elimination refers to how the waste products are removed from the body through excretion mechanisms of the bowel, bladder, and skin. This pattern elaborates the excretory function of the body and can be used to assess excretion abnormalities such as urinary incontinence, urinary retention, polyuria, dysuria, constipation, diarrhea, and diaphoresis.

4. Activity-Exercise Pattern

This pattern will help the nurse to understand if the patients can perform daily activities such as hygiene, walking, and eating without a problem. A nurse will also be able to understand the systems involved in the activities such as cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal.

5. Cognitive–Perceptual Pattern

This pattern assesses the patients’ neurological functions and comprehension abilities such as orientation to person, time, and place, and ability to follow commands.

6. Sleep-Rest Health Pattern

Sleep and rest are vital when it comes to health. However, some patients may have abnormal sleeping patterns such as hypersomnia or insomnia. The sleep-rest pattern enables a nurse to detect these abnormalities.

7. Self-Perception – Self-Concept

The nurse assesses the patients’ attitudes to self, self-identity, and self-worth. It rotates on how patients view themselves by asking the patient questions about their body image, comfrey and self-esteem, and feeling.

8. Role Relationship Health Pattern

This pattern explores the patients’ ability to know their role in the world. Are they satisfied with their role? And are they functional or dysfunctional? Do they have personalities that hinder their relationships and engagements with others?

9. Sexuality Reproductive

The questions asked here by the nurse are to determine the patients’ sexual satisfaction and/or dissatisfaction. Are they satisfied with their sexual orientation? And what is their sex appetite?

10. Coping-Stress Tolerance

To cope is to deal effectively with a difficult situation. This pattern attempts to describe how the patient deals with stressful situations and the effectiveness of his or her strategies.

11. Value Belief Pattern

Values and beliefs are ideologies that are highly esteemed by a person. For patients, values and beliefs can affect their choices or decisions.

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Nursing theories

Open access articles on nursing theories and models.

Functional Health Patterns

Marjory Gordon (1931- 2015)

Introduction

• Clinical nurses employ the Functional Health Patterns (FHP) model, created by Marjory Gordon, as a thorough and organized approach to evaluating eleven categories of human functioning. 1
• The self-administered Functional Health Pattern Assessment Screening Tool (FHPAST) is a questionnaire designed to assess health, functional, and risk issues. 2
• The Eleven FHP (Health Perception-Health Maintenance, Nutrition-Metabolic, Elimination, Activity-Exercise, Sleep-Rest, Coping-Stress, Self-Concept-Self-Perception, Cognitive-Perceptual, Role-Relationship, Sexuality-Reproductive, and Value-Belief) are interrelated, iterative, and interdependent. 3
• Functional health patterns is an integral part of nursing documentation. 4
• Functional Health Patterns are used as an assessment framework to guide nurses in collecting relevant data to drive accuracy in nursing diagnosis. 5
• By using functional patterns, nurses can conduct a planned and methodical nursing assessment. 6
• NANDA-I Nursing Diagnosis classification is based on Gordon's functional health patterns.
• Gorden's functional health pattern includes 11 categories which is a systematic and standardized approach to data collection.7

List of Functional Health Patterns 7

• Health Perception – Health Management Pattern
•  describes client’s perceived pattern of health and well-being and how health is managed.
• Nutritional – Metabolic Pattern
• describes the pattern of food and fluid consumption relative to metabolic needs and pattern indicators of local nutrient supply
• Elimination Pattern
•  describes the pattern of excretory function (bowel, bladder)
•  Activity – Exercise Pattern
• describes patterns of exercise, activity, leisure, and recreation.
• Cognitive – Perceptual Pattern
• describes sensory, perceptual, and cognitive pattern
• Sleep – Rest Pattern
• describes patterns of sleep, rest, and relaxation.
• Self-perception – Self-concept Pattern
• describes self-concept and perceptions of self (body comfort, image, feeling state)
• Role – Relationship Pattern
•  describes patterns of role engagements and relationships.
• Sexuality – Reproductive Pattern
• describes the client’s pattern of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with sexuality pattern, describes reproductive patterns.
• Coping – Stress Tolerance Pattern
• describes general coping patterns and the effectiveness of the pattern in terms of stress tolerance.
• Value – Belief Pattern
• describes the pattern of values and beliefs, including spiritual and /or goals that guide choices or decisions.

Major Research on FHP Models

• Gordon's FHP model application in Heart Failure patient nursing care was linked to a markedly higher quality of life and a lower rate of readmission to the hospital. 8
• Functional Health Pattern Assessment Screening Tool (FHPAST) can be used to address health risks, overall well-being, and protective actions, as well as a framework for evaluating frailty in elderly hospital patients. 1
• FHP model facilitate to identify FHPs (client strengths) and dysfunctional patterns (nursing diagnoses). 9
• A study on relationship of perceived functional health patterns and recovery in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders shows that functional health is strongly associated with recovery and useful in promoting recovery. 10
• The application of nursing assessment, which makes use of the patient assessment form based in Gordon's functional health patterns, can enhance students' learning as they develop their nursing processes. 11
•  Hiriscau EI, Cauli O, Donca V, Marinescu LA, Macarie AE, Avram L, et al. The Association between Functional Health Patterns and Frailty in Hospitalized Geriatric Patients. Geriatrics. 2024 Mar 26;9(2):41.
• Jones D, Duffy ME, Flanagan J, Foster F. Psychometric evaluation of the Functional Health Pattern Assessment Screening Tool (FHPAST). Int J Nurs Knowl. 2012 Oct;23(3):140–5.
• Gengo e Silva Butcher R de C, Jones DA. An integrative review of comprehensive nursing assessment tools developed based on Gordon’s Eleven Functional Health Patterns. Int J Nurs Knowl. 2021;32(4):294–307.
• Doyer B, Macker N, Radovich H. Functional health patterns: the postanesthesia care unit’s approach to identification. J Post Anesth Nurs. 1990 Jun;5(3):157–62.
• Herdman TH, Kamitsuru S, Lopes CT. NANDA International Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions & Classification, 2024-2026. Thieme; 2024. 685 p.
• Galvez Romero C. [Nursing methodology applicated in patients with pressure ulcers. Clinical report]. Rev Enfermeria Barc Spain. 2014 May;37(5):44–9.
• Gordon, M. Nursing Diagnosis: Process and application,. Third Edition. St. Louis: Mosby; 1994.
• Türen S, Enç N. A comparison of Gordon’s functional health patterns model and standard nursing care in symptomatic heart failure patients: A randomized controlled trial. Appl Nurs Res. 2020 Jun 1;53:151247.
•  Vincenz MC, Siskind MM. Functional health patterns: a curricular course model for adult acute care. Nurs Diagn ND Off J North Am Nurs Diagn Assoc. 1994;5(2):82–7.
• Keum R, Kim S. Perceived Functional Health Patterns and Recovery in People with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2012 Sep 30;21(3):238–49.
• Khatiban M, Tohidi S, Shahdoust M. The effects of applying an assessment form based on the health functional patterns on nursing student’s attitude and skills in developing the nursing process. Int J Nurs Sci. 2019 Jun 6;6(3):329–33.

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Functıonal Health Patterns Model –A Case Study

Gordon's Functional Health Patterns is a method develops By Marjorie Gordon in 1987 proposed functional health patterns as a guide for establishing a comprehensive nursing data base. By using these categories it's possible to create a systematic and standardized approach to data collection, and enable the nurse to determine the following aspects of health and human function: Health Perception Health

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• DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2020.151247
• Corpus ID: 216242308

A comparison of Gordon's functional health patterns model and standard nursing care in symptomatic heart failure patients: A randomized controlled trial.

• Sevda Türen , Nuray Enç
• Published in Applied Nursing Research 5 March 2020

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THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GORDON FUNCTIONAL HEALTH PATTERN ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF COMPREHENSIVE NURSING PROBLEMS IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

• December 2019
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